Extensor Indicis Proprius

Original Editor - Shreya Pavaskar Top Contributors - Shreya Pavaskar and Shaimaa Eldib


Description[edit | edit source]

Extensor Indicis Propius is a narrow elongated skeletal muscle situated in deep layer of posterior compartment of the forearm along with Supinator, Abductor Pollicis Longus, Extensor Pollicis Longus and Brevis. It is responsible for the movement of the index finger.[1] A few variations of Extensor Indicis muscle is observed in people which are classified as[2] -

  • Type 1 - An additional tendon slip from the Extensor Indicis tendon
  • Type 2 - An Extensor Indicis Radialis or Extensor Pollicis et Indicis Accessorius
  • Type 3 - An Extensor Medii Proprius with or without Extensor Medii Brevis
  • Type 4 - An Extensor Indicis Radialis and Extensor Medii Proprius.

Origin[edit | edit source]

Next to the highlighted muscle (Right) is Extensor Indicis Propius

It originates from the posterior surface of Ulna (distal to Extensor Pollicis Longus muscle) and interosseous membrane.[1]

Insertion[edit | edit source]

It inserts on the base of the second proximal phalange and into the tendon of Extensor Digitorum.[3]

[4]


Nerve[edit | edit source]

It is innervated by the Posterior Interosseous nerve which is a deep branch of Radial nerve ( 7th and 8th cervical nerve root).[1]

Artery[edit | edit source]

It is supplied by the Posterior Interosseous branch of the Ulnar artery and perforating branches of the Anterior Interosseous artery.[5]

Function[edit | edit source]

  • The primary function of Extensor Indicis Propius is the extension of second digit at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.
  • It may assist in wrist extension.
  • It assists in abducting the index finger.
  • It may assist in slight supination of forearm.

Clinical relevance[edit | edit source]

The most common condition affecting Extensor Indicis Propius is Tenosynovitis.

[6]

Assessment[edit | edit source]

MMT (Manual Muscle Testing) of Extensor Indicis muscle is used for assessment.

[7]


Resources[edit | edit source]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Drake R, Vogl AW, Mitchell AW. Gray's Anatomy for Students E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2009 Apr 4.
  2. Komiyama M, Nwe TM, Toyota N, Shimada Y. Variations of the extensor indicis muscle and tendon. The Journal of Hand Surgery: British & European Volume. 1999 Oct 1;24(5):575-8.
  3. Cael C. Functional anatomy: musculoskeletal anatomy, kinesiology, and palpation for manual therapists. Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2020 Aug 3.
  4. Kenhub - Learn Human Anatomy. Extensor Indicis Muscle - Origins & Function - Human Anatomy | Kenhub. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QY1RMlAv6oU [last accessed 19/10/2020]
  5. Revol MP, Lantieri L, Loy S, Guérin-Surville H. Vascular anatomy of the forearm muscles: a study of 50 dissections. Plastic and reconstructive surgery. 1991 Dec;88(6):1026-33.
  6. nabil ebraheim. Conditions Affecting Dorsal Wrist Compartments - Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZKGB2sFaJzA [last accessed 19/10/2020]
  7. Ball State Athletic Training. Extensor Digitorum, Indicis, & Minimi MMT. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SaMga26WYRg [last accessed 19/10/2020]