Menopause: Difference between revisions
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== Clinical Exam == | == Clinical Exam == | ||
'''Subjective:''' | |||
Symptoms of menopause and peri-menopause are:<ref>Burger HG. Unpredictable endocrinology of the menopause transition: clinical, diagnostic and management implications. Menopause international. 2011 Dec;17(4):153-4.</ref><ref>Burger HG, Hale GE, Dennerstein L, Robertson DM. Cycle and hormone changes during perimenopause: the key role of ovarian function. Menopause. 2008 Jul 1;15(4):603-12.</ref> | Symptoms of menopause and peri-menopause are:<ref>Burger HG. Unpredictable endocrinology of the menopause transition: clinical, diagnostic and management implications. Menopause international. 2011 Dec;17(4):153-4.</ref><ref>Burger HG, Hale GE, Dennerstein L, Robertson DM. Cycle and hormone changes during perimenopause: the key role of ovarian function. Menopause. 2008 Jul 1;15(4):603-12.</ref> | ||
* hot flashes | * hot flashes | ||
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* mood symptoms | * mood symptoms | ||
* irregular bleeding or spotting, during peri-menopause | * irregular bleeding or spotting, during peri-menopause | ||
Additionally, after menopause, the risk of chronic diseases including osteoporosis, heart disease and risk increases. | Additionally, after menopause, the risk of chronic diseases including osteoporosis, heart disease and risk increases. | ||
'''Objective:''' | |||
Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW) staging system was developed from data from multiple longitudinal cohort studies.<ref>Harlow S, Gass M, Hall J, Lobo R, Maki P, Rebar R, Sherman S, Sluss P, de Villiers T. Executive summary of the stages of reproductive aging workshop+ 10. Menopause. 2012 Apr 1;19(4):387-95.</ref> | |||
== Management == | == Management == | ||
Revision as of 21:58, 21 April 2019
This article is currently under review and may not be up to date. Please come back soon to see the finished work! (21/04/2019)
Definition[edit | edit source]
Natural menopause occurs when there is a complete, or near complete, ovarian follicular depletion of a female's ovaries. This results in the end of her menstrual cycle for 12 months, which is retrospectively determined. It occurs at a median age of 51.4 years and menopause before the age of 40 years old is considered abnormal. The months and years leading up to this are called peri-menopause.[1]
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
Clinical Exam[edit | edit source]
Subjective:
Symptoms of menopause and peri-menopause are:[2][3]
- hot flashes
- vaginal dryness
- sleep disturbances
- mood symptoms
- irregular bleeding or spotting, during peri-menopause
Additionally, after menopause, the risk of chronic diseases including osteoporosis, heart disease and risk increases.
Objective:
Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW) staging system was developed from data from multiple longitudinal cohort studies.[4]
Management[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Menopause: Resource Overview. Available from https://www.acog.org/Womens-Health/Menopause
- ↑ Burger HG. Unpredictable endocrinology of the menopause transition: clinical, diagnostic and management implications. Menopause international. 2011 Dec;17(4):153-4.
- ↑ Burger HG, Hale GE, Dennerstein L, Robertson DM. Cycle and hormone changes during perimenopause: the key role of ovarian function. Menopause. 2008 Jul 1;15(4):603-12.
- ↑ Harlow S, Gass M, Hall J, Lobo R, Maki P, Rebar R, Sherman S, Sluss P, de Villiers T. Executive summary of the stages of reproductive aging workshop+ 10. Menopause. 2012 Apr 1;19(4):387-95.
