Rooting Reflex: Difference between revisions
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The newborn will turn their head towards the stimulus and open the mouth with [[tongue]] thrusting (tongue sits too forward in the mouth).<ref name=":1" /> | The newborn will turn their head towards the stimulus and open the mouth with [[tongue]] thrusting (tongue sits too forward in the mouth).<ref name=":1" /> | ||
== Duration == | == Duration == | ||
The rooting reflex is present at birth (around 28 weeks of gestation) and disintegrates about 4 to 6 months until the [[Frontal Lobe|frontal lobe]] of the cerebral cortex matures.<ref name=":1" /> | The rooting reflex is present at birth (around 28 weeks of gestation) and disintegrates about 4 to 6 months (until the [[Frontal Lobe|frontal lobe]] of the [[Cerebral Cortex|cerebral cortex]] matures.)<ref name=":1" /> | ||
{{#ev:youtube|b0CLcNtOOEQ}}<ref>betapicts. Baby Rooting Reflex / Reaction. Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0CLcNtOOEQ&t=9s</ref> | {{#ev:youtube|b0CLcNtOOEQ}}<ref>betapicts. Baby Rooting Reflex / Reaction. Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0CLcNtOOEQ&t=9s</ref> | ||
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== Clinical Significance == | == Clinical Significance == | ||
* The reflex is impertinent for the survival and growth of the | * The reflex is impertinent for the survival and growth of the babies, as it helps the newborn find the origin of food (either nipple or bottle) and also initiates breastfeeding.<ref>Glodowski KR, Thompson RH, Martel L. [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jaba.512 The rooting reflex as an infant feeding cue.] Journal of applied behavior analysis. 2019 Feb;52(1):17-27.</ref> | ||
* If the rooting reflex is preserved beyond the disintegration time, the infant may have | * If the rooting reflex is preserved beyond the disintegration time, the infant may have excessive salivation and a tongue that sits too forward in the mouth. The child will struggle to perform swallowing and chewing functions because of the dysfunctional [[tongue]]. Other clinical symptoms include hypotonic or hypertonic muscle tone, asymmetric [[posture]] and [[gait]], and delayed developmental milestones.<ref name=":3" /> <ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /> | ||
* The persistence of [[Primitive Reflexes|primitive reflexes]] | * The persistence of [[Primitive Reflexes|primitive reflexes]] during infancy may also be an early indicator of mental retardation or [[Autism Spectrum Disorder|autism]].<ref name=":3">Agarwal A, Verma I. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0976566212000446 Cerebral palsy in children: An overview. Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma]. 2012 Dec 1;3(2):77-81.</ref><ref name=":4">Panteliadis CP, Hagel C, Karch D, [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4503828/ Heinemann K. Cerebral palsy: a lifelong challenge asks for early intervention]. The open neurology journal. 2015;9:45.</ref><ref name=":5">Chinello A, Di Gangi V, Valenza E. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891422216301548 Persistent primary reflexes affect motor acts: Potential implications for autism spectrum disorder. Research in developmental disabilities]. 2018 Dec 1;83:287-95.</ref> | ||
* The [[Trigeminal Nerve|trigeminal cranial nerve]] , which helps in the sensation of the face, is also involved in the functioning of the rooting reflex. An infant with an intact trigeminal nerve will have a normal response but if the infant has the nerve pathology, there is no response observed.<ref name=":1" /> | * The [[Trigeminal Nerve|trigeminal cranial nerve]] , which helps in the sensation of the face, is also involved in the functioning of the rooting reflex. An infant with an intact [[Trigeminal Nerve|trigeminal nerve]] will have a normal response but if the infant has the nerve pathology, there is no response observed.<ref name=":1" /> | ||
* Rooting reflexes are observed in adult patients with [[Frontal Lobe|frontal lobe]] pathology. They often present with other [[Primitive Reflexes|primitive reflexes]] that are normally disintegrated by the frontal lobe of the [[Cerebral Cortex|cerebral cortex]]. <ref name=":1" /> | * Rooting reflexes are observed in adult patients with [[Frontal Lobe|frontal lobe]] pathology. They often present with other [[Primitive Reflexes|primitive reflexes]] that are normally disintegrated by the frontal lobe of the [[Cerebral Cortex|cerebral cortex]]. <ref name=":1" /> | ||
* It's also considered a clue for hunger in babies.<ref>Glodowski KR, Thompson RH, Martel L. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30251406/ The rooting reflex as an infant feeding cue.] Journal of applied behavior analysis. 2019 Feb;52(1):17-27.</ref> | * It's also considered a clue for hunger in babies.<ref>Glodowski KR, Thompson RH, Martel L. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30251406/ The rooting reflex as an infant feeding cue.] Journal of applied behavior analysis. 2019 Feb;52(1):17-27.</ref> | ||
* If the infant is forced | * If the infant is forced-fed during crying then the rooting reflex might get disturbed.<ref>Widström AM, Thingström‐Paulsson J. [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12660.x The position of the tongue during rooting reflexes elicited in newborn infants before the first suckle]. Acta paediatrica. 1993 Mar;82(3):281-3.</ref> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 14:51, 22 April 2022
Original Editor - Muskan Rastogi
Top Contributors - Muskan Rastogi and Uchechukwu Chukwuemeka
Introduction[edit | edit source]
The rooting reflex is an instinctive response of the head to stimulate the face, mouth, or cheek touch. [1]
This reflex has also been observed in the apes and other mammals and it's similar to what is seen in human infants.[1]
Stimulus[edit | edit source]
The reflex is initiated when the corner of an infant’s mouth is stimulated by touching/stroking. [2]
Response[edit | edit source]
The newborn will turn their head towards the stimulus and open the mouth with tongue thrusting (tongue sits too forward in the mouth).[2]
Duration[edit | edit source]
The rooting reflex is present at birth (around 28 weeks of gestation) and disintegrates about 4 to 6 months (until the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex matures.)[2]
Difference between Sucking and Rooting Reflex[edit | edit source]
- It's critical to differentiate between the rooting reflex and the sucking reflex, as the latter is also involved in the nourishing intake of the infant. [4]
- The difference in both reflexes is that the rooting reflex occurs when the corner of a baby’s mouth is stimulated, while the sucking reflex initiates when the roof of their mouth is stimulated.[4]
- The sucking reflex is usually observed around 30 to 35 weeks and is in charge of the coordination of breathing with swallowing, which starts to emerge around 37 weeks[4]
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
- The reflex is impertinent for the survival and growth of the babies, as it helps the newborn find the origin of food (either nipple or bottle) and also initiates breastfeeding.[5]
- If the rooting reflex is preserved beyond the disintegration time, the infant may have excessive salivation and a tongue that sits too forward in the mouth. The child will struggle to perform swallowing and chewing functions because of the dysfunctional tongue. Other clinical symptoms include hypotonic or hypertonic muscle tone, asymmetric posture and gait, and delayed developmental milestones.[6] [7][8]
- The persistence of primitive reflexes during infancy may also be an early indicator of mental retardation or autism.[6][7][8]
- The trigeminal cranial nerve , which helps in the sensation of the face, is also involved in the functioning of the rooting reflex. An infant with an intact trigeminal nerve will have a normal response but if the infant has the nerve pathology, there is no response observed.[2]
- Rooting reflexes are observed in adult patients with frontal lobe pathology. They often present with other primitive reflexes that are normally disintegrated by the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex. [2]
- It's also considered a clue for hunger in babies.[9]
- If the infant is forced-fed during crying then the rooting reflex might get disturbed.[10]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kreutzer J. In F.-A.-S. Test, JS Kreutzer, J. DeLuca, & B. Caplan. Encyclopedia of clinical neuropsychology. 2011.https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1905
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Yoo H, Mihaila DM. Rooting Reflex. InStatPearls [Internet] 2021 May 1. StatPearls Publishing.
- ↑ betapicts. Baby Rooting Reflex / Reaction. Available from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0CLcNtOOEQ&t=9s
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Sohn M, Ahn Y, Lee S. Assessment of primitive reflexes in high-risk newborns. Journal of clinical medicine research. 2011 Dec;3(6):285.
- ↑ Glodowski KR, Thompson RH, Martel L. The rooting reflex as an infant feeding cue. Journal of applied behavior analysis. 2019 Feb;52(1):17-27.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Agarwal A, Verma I. Cerebral palsy in children: An overview. Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma. 2012 Dec 1;3(2):77-81.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Panteliadis CP, Hagel C, Karch D, Heinemann K. Cerebral palsy: a lifelong challenge asks for early intervention. The open neurology journal. 2015;9:45.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Chinello A, Di Gangi V, Valenza E. Persistent primary reflexes affect motor acts: Potential implications for autism spectrum disorder. Research in developmental disabilities. 2018 Dec 1;83:287-95.
- ↑ Glodowski KR, Thompson RH, Martel L. The rooting reflex as an infant feeding cue. Journal of applied behavior analysis. 2019 Feb;52(1):17-27.
- ↑ Widström AM, Thingström‐Paulsson J. The position of the tongue during rooting reflexes elicited in newborn infants before the first suckle. Acta paediatrica. 1993 Mar;82(3):281-3.
