Talar fracture: Difference between revisions
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
A talar fracture is a break in the continuity of one of the bones that forms the ankle; the talus.This type of fracture often occurs during a high-energy event, such as a car collision or a high-velocity fall. Because the talus is important for ankle movement, a fracture often results in significant loss of motion and function. In addition, a talus fracture that does not heal properly can lead to serious complications, including chronic pain.<ref>Orthoinfo.aaos.org. (2019). ''Talus Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOS''. [online] Available at: <nowiki>https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/talus-fractures</nowiki> [Accessed 31 Jan. 2019].</ref> | A talar fracture is a break in the continuity of one of the bones that forms the ankle; the talus.This type of fracture often occurs during a high-energy event, such as a car collision or a high-velocity fall. Because the talus is important for ankle movement, a fracture often results in significant loss of motion and function. In addition, a talus fracture that does not heal properly can lead to serious complications, including chronic pain.<ref name=":0">Orthoinfo.aaos.org. (2019). ''Talus Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOS''. [online] Available at: <nowiki>https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/talus-fractures</nowiki> [Accessed 31 Jan. 2019].</ref> | ||
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy == | == Clinically Relevant Anatomy == | ||
The talus is the | The talus is the bone that makes up the lower part of the ankle joint (the tibia and fibula bones of the lower leg make up the upper part of the ankle joint). The talus sits above the heel bone (calcaneus). Together, the talus and calcaneus form the subtalar joint, which is important for walking, especially on uneven ground.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
The talus has no muscle or tendinous attachments and is supported solely by the joint capsules, ligaments, and synovial tissues.<ref>Fortin PT, Balazsy JE. Talus fractures: evaluation and treatment. JAAOS-Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2001 Mar 1;9(2):114-27.</ref> | The talus is the second largest tarsal bone. It is uniquely shaped and consists of a body, head, and neck. Approximately two-thirds of its surface is covered with articular cartilage.<ref>Melenevsky Y, Mackey RA, Abrahams RB, Thomson III NB. Talar fractures and dislocations: a radiologist’s guide to timely diagnosis and classification. Radiographics. 2015 May 13;35(3):765-79.</ref> The superior aspect of the body is widest anteriorly and therefore fits more securely within the ankle mortise when it is in dorsiflexion. | ||
The talus has no muscle or tendinous attachments and is supported solely by the joint capsules, ligaments, and synovial tissues. Ligaments that provide stability and allow motion bind the talus to the tibia, fibula, calcaneus, and navicular.<ref name=":1">Fortin PT, Balazsy JE. Talus fractures: evaluation and treatment. JAAOS-Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2001 Mar 1;9(2):114-27.</ref> | |||
== Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | == Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | ||
Most talus fractures are the result of high-energy trauma such as a car collision or a fall from height. Injuries from sports, particularly from snowboarding, are another, less common, cause of talar injuries.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
== Clinical Presentation == | == Clinical Presentation<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> == | ||
Patients with talus fractures usually experience: | |||
* Acute pain | |||
* Inability to walk or bear weight on the foot | |||
* Considerable swelling, bruising, and tenderness of the hindfoot and midfoot | |||
* Gross deformity may be present, depending on the displacement of the fracture and any associated subtalar and ankle joint subluxation or dislocation | |||
== Diagnostic Procedures == | == Diagnostic Procedures == | ||
Revision as of 00:47, 1 February 2019
Description[edit | edit source]
A talar fracture is a break in the continuity of one of the bones that forms the ankle; the talus.This type of fracture often occurs during a high-energy event, such as a car collision or a high-velocity fall. Because the talus is important for ankle movement, a fracture often results in significant loss of motion and function. In addition, a talus fracture that does not heal properly can lead to serious complications, including chronic pain.[1]
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The talus is the bone that makes up the lower part of the ankle joint (the tibia and fibula bones of the lower leg make up the upper part of the ankle joint). The talus sits above the heel bone (calcaneus). Together, the talus and calcaneus form the subtalar joint, which is important for walking, especially on uneven ground.[1]
The talus is the second largest tarsal bone. It is uniquely shaped and consists of a body, head, and neck. Approximately two-thirds of its surface is covered with articular cartilage.[2] The superior aspect of the body is widest anteriorly and therefore fits more securely within the ankle mortise when it is in dorsiflexion.
The talus has no muscle or tendinous attachments and is supported solely by the joint capsules, ligaments, and synovial tissues. Ligaments that provide stability and allow motion bind the talus to the tibia, fibula, calcaneus, and navicular.[3]
Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process[edit | edit source]
Most talus fractures are the result of high-energy trauma such as a car collision or a fall from height. Injuries from sports, particularly from snowboarding, are another, less common, cause of talar injuries.[1]
Clinical Presentation[1][3][edit | edit source]
Patients with talus fractures usually experience:
- Acute pain
- Inability to walk or bear weight on the foot
- Considerable swelling, bruising, and tenderness of the hindfoot and midfoot
- Gross deformity may be present, depending on the displacement of the fracture and any associated subtalar and ankle joint subluxation or dislocation
Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to diagnostic tests for the condition
Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]
add links to outcome measures here (see Outcome Measures Database)
Management / Interventions[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to management approaches to the condition
Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to the differential diagnosis of this condition
Resources[edit | edit source]
add appropriate resources here
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Orthoinfo.aaos.org. (2019). Talus Fractures - OrthoInfo - AAOS. [online] Available at: https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/talus-fractures [Accessed 31 Jan. 2019].
- ↑ Melenevsky Y, Mackey RA, Abrahams RB, Thomson III NB. Talar fractures and dislocations: a radiologist’s guide to timely diagnosis and classification. Radiographics. 2015 May 13;35(3):765-79.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Fortin PT, Balazsy JE. Talus fractures: evaluation and treatment. JAAOS-Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 2001 Mar 1;9(2):114-27.
