Closed Chain Exercise: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
Closed kinetic chain exercise or closes chain exercise (CKC) is an exercise or movement where the distal aspect of the extremity is fixed to an object that is stationary.<br> | Closed kinetic chain exercise or closes chain exercise (CKC) is an exercise or movement where the distal aspect of the extremity is fixed to an object that is stationary.<br><br>Here are some characteristics of CKC and the differences with open kinetic chain exercises: <ref name="Ellenbecker">Ellenbecker TS, Davies GJ. Closed kinetic chain exercises. A comprehensive guide to multiple-joint exercises. J Chiropr Med 2002;1(4):200.</ref> | ||
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== Biomechanical and neurophysiologic factors == | == Biomechanical and neurophysiologic factors == | ||
Revision as of 17:12, 10 May 2013
Original Editors - Vanderpooten Willem
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
Closed kinetic chain exercise or closes chain exercise (CKC) is an exercise or movement where the distal aspect of the extremity is fixed to an object that is stationary.
Here are some characteristics of CKC and the differences with open kinetic chain exercises: [1]
| Characterisctic |
Closed kinetic chain exercices |
Open kinetic chain exercises |
| Stress pattern |
Linear |
Rotary |
| Number of joint axes |
Multiple |
One primary |
| Nature of joint segments |
Both segments move simultaneously |
One stationary, other mobile |
| Number of moving joints |
Multiple joint movements |
Isolated joint motion |
| Planes of movement |
Multiple (triplanar) |
One (single) |
| Muscular involvement |
Significant co-contraction |
Isolation of muscle group, minimal muscular co-contraction |
| Movement pattern |
Significant functionally oriented |
Often non-functional |
Biomechanical and neurophysiologic factors[edit | edit source]
Biomechanical:
CKC techniques emphasize the sequential movement and placement of functionally related joints and therefore require coordinated and sequential muscle activation patterns to control proper joint movement.
Neurophysiologic:
Closed kinetic chain exercises stimulate the proprioceptive system by proprioceptive feedback to initiate and control muscle activation patterns. [3]
Exercises
[edit | edit source]
1. Closed chain upperbody kinetic exercises
Push-ups and their derivatives, pull-ups or chin-ups, and dips. These concentrate on a co-contraction of the M. triceps, M. biceps, M. deltoids, M. pectoral may and min, and lower back for stabilization in various ratios depending upon angle and leverage.
2. Closed chain lowerbody kinetic exercises
Squats, deadlifts, lunges, power cleans, and leg presses. These concentrate on a co-contraction of the quadriceps, hamstrings, hip flexors, soleus, and gastrocnemius muscles. The joints of movement include the knee, hip, and ankle
Clinical Bottom Line[edit | edit source]
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
[1] Ellenbecker, T., Davies,G., closed kinetic chain exercise, 2001 (A1)
[2] Nichols, N., Fitness Defined: Open and Closed Chain Exercises, 2008 (A3)
[3] Akuthota, V., Herring, S., Nerve and vascular injuries in sports medicine, 2009 (A1)
[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Ellenbecker TS, Davies GJ. Closed kinetic chain exercises. A comprehensive guide to multiple-joint exercises. J Chiropr Med 2002;1(4):200.
