Compartment Syndrome: Difference between revisions
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add text here relating to '''''clinically relevant''''' anatomy of the condition<br> | add text here relating to '''''clinically relevant''''' anatomy of the condition<br> | ||
== Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process<br> | == Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process<br> == | ||
The connective tissue of a compartment is not able to stretch, so when there appears a bleeding or a swelling of the muscles within the compartment, the pressure rises likely. <ref name="bron 5">Kirsten G B, Elliot A, J Johnstone. Diagnosing acute compartment syndrome. The journal of bone and joint surgery, Vol. 85, N°5, July 2003 A1 (2)http://web.jbjs.org.uk/cgi/reprint/85-B/5/625.pdf</ref><br>Normally a non-contracting muscle contains a pressure near zero, nevertheless if the pressure rises up to 30 mmHg, the vessels will be compressed resulting into pain and a reduction of blood flow. Also the lymphatic drainage will activate to prevent the increasing interstitial fluid pressure, when this reached to its maximum; the pressure between the compartments will cause physiological defects such as a nerve dysfunction and deformation. A hemorrhage of an edema causes the interstitial pressures within the soft tissues to increase, creating possible ischemia by loss of capillary refill. <br>Ischemia starts when the local blood flow can’t fulfill the metabolic demands of the tissues. When a body part is not provided with blood for more than eight hours, the damage is irreversible and may lead to the death of the concerning tissues. <br> | |||
== Clinical Presentation == | == Clinical Presentation == | ||
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Clinically Relevant Anatomy
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add text here relating to clinically relevant anatomy of the condition
Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process
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The connective tissue of a compartment is not able to stretch, so when there appears a bleeding or a swelling of the muscles within the compartment, the pressure rises likely. [1]
Normally a non-contracting muscle contains a pressure near zero, nevertheless if the pressure rises up to 30 mmHg, the vessels will be compressed resulting into pain and a reduction of blood flow. Also the lymphatic drainage will activate to prevent the increasing interstitial fluid pressure, when this reached to its maximum; the pressure between the compartments will cause physiological defects such as a nerve dysfunction and deformation. A hemorrhage of an edema causes the interstitial pressures within the soft tissues to increase, creating possible ischemia by loss of capillary refill.
Ischemia starts when the local blood flow can’t fulfill the metabolic demands of the tissues. When a body part is not provided with blood for more than eight hours, the damage is irreversible and may lead to the death of the concerning tissues.
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
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Management / Interventions
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Differential Diagnosis
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Resources
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- ↑ Kirsten G B, Elliot A, J Johnstone. Diagnosing acute compartment syndrome. The journal of bone and joint surgery, Vol. 85, N°5, July 2003 A1 (2)http://web.jbjs.org.uk/cgi/reprint/85-B/5/625.pdf
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