End Organ

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Top Contributors - Lucinda hampton  

Introduction

An end organ is the last organ affected in a chain of events, for instance a disease process.

Examples are the liver, brain or kidney, and are ultimately affected by a chronic or progressive disease or condition like diabetes or hypertension.

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A pathological change in the microcirculation plays a pivotal role in promoting end-organ dysfunction that not only predisposes to further organ damage, but also increases the risk for future macrovascular events.

• Arterial hypertensive is a risk factor for end organ damage, and can now be diagnosed early and reversed with specific and aggressive treatment.
• Obesity is a risk factor for development of target organ damage, due to development of hypertension, and needs adressing early for prevention of such.
• Similar to arterial hypertension and obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with target organ damage

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Hypertension is the largest risk factor globally for morbidity and mortality.. Timely detection of end organ damage and secondary diseases are key determinants of cardiovascular prognosis in patients suffering from arterial hypertension (2). The classic manifestations of hypertensive end organ damage include the following: vascular and hemorrhagic stroke, retinopathy, coronary heart disease/myocardial infarction and heart failure, proteinuria and renal failure and in the vasculature, atherosclerotic change including the development of stenoses and aneurysms.

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