Geriatric Depression Scale: Difference between revisions
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== Objective == | == Objective == | ||
The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a [[Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs)|patient-reported outcome measure]] used to screen depressive symptoms among older adults. Created by Yesavage et al. in 1983, it is now one of the most widely-used self-report measures for depression. | The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a [[Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs)|patient-reported outcome measure]] used to screen depressive symptoms among older adults. Created by Yesavage et al. in 1983, it is now one of the most widely-used self-report measures for depression. <ref name=":0">Krishnamoorthy Y, Rajaa S, Rehman T. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167494319302456 Diagnostic accuracy of various forms of geriatric depression scale for screening of depression among older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis]. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2020 Mar 1;87:104002.</ref><ref>Stone LE, Granier KL, Segal DL. [https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-22009-9_736 Geriatric depression scale. In Encyclopedia of gerontology and population aging] 2022 May 24 (pp. 2112-2119). Cham: Springer International Publishing.</ref> | ||
Originally, this screening tool has 30 items, but several shorter versions were also developed: | |||
* GDS 15 | |||
* GDS 10 | |||
* GDS 4 | |||
== Intended Population == | == Intended Population == | ||
The | The scale is intended for the geriatric population (aged 60 years or more). It can be used for healthy, medically ill, and cognitively impaired older adults. | ||
== Method of Use == | == Method of Use == | ||
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Instructions: | Instructions: | ||
Scoring: | |||
== Reference<br> == | == Reference<br> == | ||
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=== Validity === | === Validity === | ||
In a 2020 systematic review and meta-analysis, all versions of GDS were found to be useful for determining depression among older adults:<ref name=":0" /> | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ | |||
!GDS version | |||
!Sensitivity | |||
!Specificity | |||
|- | |||
|GDS 30 | |||
|82% | |||
|76% | |||
|- | |||
|GDS 15 | |||
|86% | |||
|79% | |||
|- | |||
|GDS 10 | |||
|87% | |||
|75% | |||
|- | |||
|GDS 4 | |||
|74% | |||
|71% | |||
|} | |||
GDS 30 | |||
th specificity of 71 %. All the four forms of GDS belonged to right lower quadrant of LR scatter-gram indicating neither confirmation nor exclusion. | |||
=== Responsiveness === | === Responsiveness === | ||
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Objective[edit | edit source]
The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a patient-reported outcome measure used to screen depressive symptoms among older adults. Created by Yesavage et al. in 1983, it is now one of the most widely-used self-report measures for depression. [1][2]
Originally, this screening tool has 30 items, but several shorter versions were also developed:
- GDS 15
- GDS 10
- GDS 4
Intended Population[edit | edit source]
The scale is intended for the geriatric population (aged 60 years or more). It can be used for healthy, medically ill, and cognitively impaired older adults.
Method of Use[edit | edit source]
Equipment required: Questionnaire and pen
Instructions:
Scoring:
Reference
[edit | edit source]
Evidence[edit | edit source]
Reliability[edit | edit source]
Validity[edit | edit source]
In a 2020 systematic review and meta-analysis, all versions of GDS were found to be useful for determining depression among older adults:[1]
| GDS version | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|
| GDS 30 | 82% | 76% |
| GDS 15 | 86% | 79% |
| GDS 10 | 87% | 75% |
| GDS 4 | 74% | 71% |
GDS 30
th specificity of 71 %. All the four forms of GDS belonged to right lower quadrant of LR scatter-gram indicating neither confirmation nor exclusion.
Responsiveness[edit | edit source]
Miscellaneous
[edit | edit source]
Links[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Krishnamoorthy Y, Rajaa S, Rehman T. Diagnostic accuracy of various forms of geriatric depression scale for screening of depression among older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2020 Mar 1;87:104002.
- ↑ Stone LE, Granier KL, Segal DL. Geriatric depression scale. In Encyclopedia of gerontology and population aging 2022 May 24 (pp. 2112-2119). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
