Gluteus Medius: Difference between revisions
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The gluteus medius is one of three gluteal muscles (minimus, medius and maximus). It is a superficial, fan shaped and broad muscle that lies in the posterolateral aspect of the pelvis, inferior to the iliac crest.<ref name="Palastanga et al, 2002">Palastanga N, Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and Human Movement, Structure and Function. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Butterworth Heinemann; 2002.</ref> The gluteus medius has a broad origin on the external (gluteal) ilium and its tendon inserts into the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter.<ref name="Drake et al, 2010">Drake RL, Vogl AW, Mitchell, AWM. Gray's Anatomy for Students. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2010.</ref> The muscle is overlapped by the gluteus maximus and covered with a strong layer of fascia.<ref name="Palastanga et al, 2002" /><br> | The gluteus medius is one of three gluteal muscles (minimus, medius and maximus). It is a superficial, fan shaped and broad muscle that lies in the posterolateral aspect of the pelvis, inferior to the iliac crest.<ref name="Palastanga et al, 2002">Palastanga N, Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and Human Movement, Structure and Function. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Butterworth Heinemann; 2002.</ref> The gluteus medius has a broad origin on the external (gluteal) ilium and its tendon inserts into the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter.<ref name="Drake et al, 2010">Drake RL, Vogl AW, Mitchell, AWM. Gray's Anatomy for Students. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2010.</ref> The muscle is overlapped by the gluteus maximus and covered with a strong layer of fascia.<ref name="Palastanga et al, 2002" /><br> | ||
<br> | '''Origin: '''External (gluteal) surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines.<ref name="Palastanga et al, 2002" /> Reaches from iliac crest superiorly and as far as the sciatic notch inferiorly.<ref name="Palastanga et al, 2002" /> Superficial to gluteus maximus.<ref name="Drake et al, 2010" /><br> | ||
''' | '''Insertion: '''Lateral surface of greater trochanter.<ref name="Drake et al, 2010" /> A bursa seperates the tendon from the greater trochanter. <ref name="Palastanga et al, 2002"<br> | ||
'''Nerve Innervation''': The gluteus medius is supplied by the Superior Gluteal Nerve (SGN). The SGN forms from the sacral plexus, at root levels L4, L5 and S1. The SGN leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. <ref name="Diop et al, 2002">Diop M, Parratte B, Tatu L, Vuillier F, Faure A, Monnier G. Anatomical bases of superior gluteal nerve entrapment syndrome in the piriformis foramen. Surg Radiol Anat 2002; 24: 155-9.</ref> The SGN divides into several branches, supplying both the gluteus medius and minimus as it passes horizontally between them both. <ref name="Kenny et al, 1999">Kenny P, O’Brien CP, Synnott K, Walsh MG. Damage to the superior gluteal nerve after two different approaches to the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1999; 81: 979-81.</ref> The nerve terminates where it supplies the tensor facsia latae. <ref name="Kenny et al, 1999" /><br> | |||
The gluteus medius is supplied by the Superior Gluteal Nerve (SGN). The SGN forms from the sacral plexus, at root levels L4, L5 and S1. The SGN leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. <ref name="Diop et al, 2002">Diop M, Parratte B, Tatu L, Vuillier F, Faure A, Monnier G. Anatomical bases of superior gluteal nerve entrapment syndrome in the piriformis foramen. Surg Radiol Anat 2002; 24: 155-9.</ref> The SGN divides into several branches, supplying both the gluteus medius and minimus as it passes horizontally between them both. <ref name="Kenny et al, 1999">Kenny P, O’Brien CP, Synnott K, Walsh MG. Damage to the superior gluteal nerve after two different approaches to the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1999; 81: 979-81.</ref> The nerve terminates where it supplies the tensor facsia latae. <ref name="Kenny et al, 1999" /><br> | |||
The area of skin covering the gluteus medius is supplied by dermatome at levels L1 & L2.<ref name="Palastanga et al, 2002" /> | The area of skin covering the gluteus medius is supplied by dermatome at levels L1 & L2.<ref name="Palastanga et al, 2002" /> | ||
'''Blood Supply:''' Superior gluteal artery and superior gluteal vein.<ref name="Drake et al, 2010" /> Follow the same path as the superior gluteal nerve (See above).<br> | |||
'''Blood Supply:''' | |||
[[Image:Gluteus_Medius.PNG|frame|left|Gluteus Medius]][[Image:Dermatomes.PNG|frame|right|Dermatomes]][[Image:Gluteal_Nerve_(Sacral_Plexus).png|frame|Superior Gluteal Nerve]] | |||
== Palpation == | == Palpation == | ||
Revision as of 19:54, 24 June 2014
Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The gluteus medius is one of three gluteal muscles (minimus, medius and maximus). It is a superficial, fan shaped and broad muscle that lies in the posterolateral aspect of the pelvis, inferior to the iliac crest.[1] The gluteus medius has a broad origin on the external (gluteal) ilium and its tendon inserts into the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter.[2] The muscle is overlapped by the gluteus maximus and covered with a strong layer of fascia.[1]
Origin: External (gluteal) surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines.[1] Reaches from iliac crest superiorly and as far as the sciatic notch inferiorly.[1] Superficial to gluteus maximus.[2]
Insertion: Lateral surface of greater trochanter.[2] A bursa seperates the tendon from the greater trochanter. Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag The SGN divides into several branches, supplying both the gluteus medius and minimus as it passes horizontally between them both. [3] The nerve terminates where it supplies the tensor facsia latae. [3]
The area of skin covering the gluteus medius is supplied by dermatome at levels L1 & L2.[1]
Blood Supply: Superior gluteal artery and superior gluteal vein.[2] Follow the same path as the superior gluteal nerve (See above).
Gluteus Medius
Dermatomes
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Superior Gluteal Nerve
Palpation[edit | edit source]
Function[edit | edit source]
Clinical Relevance[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Palastanga N, Field D, Soames R. Anatomy and Human Movement, Structure and Function. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Butterworth Heinemann; 2002.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Drake RL, Vogl AW, Mitchell, AWM. Gray's Anatomy for Students. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2010.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Kenny P, O’Brien CP, Synnott K, Walsh MG. Damage to the superior gluteal nerve after two different approaches to the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1999; 81: 979-81.
