Manual Muscle Testing: Elbow Flexion: Difference between revisions

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== Muscles Involved: ==
== Muscles Involved: ==
Triceps Brachii
Biceps Brachii


Anconeus
Brachialis
 
Brachioradialis


== Patient Positioning ==
== Patient Positioning ==
Prone with test side shoulder in ~90 degrees abduction
Grades 2 to 5 testing - patient is seated
 
Grades 0 to 1 testing - patient is supine
 
Start in full extension


Patient's test side forearm is hanging over side of plinth; upper arm supported on plinth to elbow.
Hand positioning depends on specific muscle:
 
'''Biceps''': supination
 
'''Brachialis''': pronation
 
'''Brachioradialis''': midposition


== Joint start Position ==
== Joint start Position ==
Elbow in neutral position between flexion/extension end of range.  
* Start in full available elbow extension range.  
* Hand positioning depends on specific muscle being tested:
'''Biceps''': forearm in supination
 
'''Brachialis''': forearm in pronation


This start position may need to be modified depending on available range of motion per individual patient.
'''Brachioradialis''': forearm in midposition between supination and pronation


== Therapist Position ==
== Therapist Position ==
At test side
Therapist at test side


Provide stabilization support just above elbow
Ensure wrist flexors are not contracting


== To Test ==
== To Test ==
* Patient is to extend elbow to full available range
* Patient is to flex elbow to full available range
* Grades 4 and 5 - The therapist will apply resistance over the dorsal forearm in the direction opposite to extension through full available range.
* Grades 4 and 5 with resistance over flexor surface at the distal forearm with force in the direction opposite to flexion.


== References ==
== References ==
[[Category:Manual Muscle Testing]]
[[Category:Manual Muscle Testing]]
[[Category:Rehabilitation Foundations]]
[[Category:Rehabilitation Foundations]]

Revision as of 16:50, 10 November 2018

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Muscles Involved:[edit | edit source]

Biceps Brachii

Brachialis

Brachioradialis

Patient Positioning[edit | edit source]

Grades 2 to 5 testing - patient is seated

Grades 0 to 1 testing - patient is supine

Start in full extension

Hand positioning depends on specific muscle:

Biceps: supination

Brachialis: pronation

Brachioradialis: midposition

Joint start Position[edit | edit source]

  • Start in full available elbow extension range.
  • Hand positioning depends on specific muscle being tested:

Biceps: forearm in supination

Brachialis: forearm in pronation

Brachioradialis: forearm in midposition between supination and pronation

Therapist Position[edit | edit source]

Therapist at test side

Ensure wrist flexors are not contracting

To Test[edit | edit source]

  • Patient is to flex elbow to full available range
  • Grades 4 and 5 with resistance over flexor surface at the distal forearm with force in the direction opposite to flexion.

References[edit | edit source]