Manual Muscle Testing: Shoulder Abduction: Difference between revisions

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'''Original Editor '''- Claire Knott
'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}  &nbsp; 
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== Muscles Involved: ==
== Muscles Involved: ==
[[Pectoralis Major Rupture|Pectoralis Major]]
* [[Deltoid]] (middle)
* [[Supraspinatus]]


== Patient Positioning ==
== Patient Positioning ==
* Supine with elbow flexed to 90 degrees & shoulder abducted to either 90, 60 or 120 degrees depending on desired fibres to be tested.
* Seated, shoulder positioned in the scapular plane 25 degrees anterior to frontal plane, thumb directed up
 
* For Grades 0-2 there is no 'gravity minimal' position for this movement.
== Joint start Position ==
'''GENERAL SCREENING TEST'''
* shoulder abduction to 90 degrees 
'''CLAVICULAR HEAD -'''  C5 + C6 nerve root innervation, superior 1/3 of muscle fibres
* shoulder abduction to 60°   
'''STERNAL HEAD -''' C7, C8 + T1 nerve root innervation, inferior 2/3 of muscle fibres
* shoulder abduction to 120°


== Therapist Position ==
== Therapist Position ==
* Therapist is standing at test side
* Therapist is standing at test side
* Palpation over shoulder abductors.


== To Test ==
== To Test ==
* Patient actively horizontally adducts the shoulder through full available range.
* Patient actively abducts the shoulder<ref>Hislop H, Avers D, Brown M. Daniels and Worthingham's muscle Testing-E-Book: Techniques of manual examination and performance testing. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013 Sep 27.</ref>
* The difference between this test as a general screen or specifically for clavicular or sternal head will be direction of movement against resistance
* For grades 4-5 therapist to provide resistance over distal humerus in the direction opposite to shoulder abduction in the scapular plane.
* 
* To satisfy grade 5 'normal muscle' performance criteria, the patient must have the ability to move through complete range of motion (active resistance testing) '''OR''' maintain an end point range (break testing) against maximum resistance.
'''GENERAL SCREENING'''
starting at 90 degrees abduction, arm horizontally across chest
 
'''CLAVICULAR HEAD'''
starting from 60 degrees abduction, arm will move up and across chest
 
'''STERNAL HEAD'''
starting from 120 degrees abduction, arm will move down and across chest
 
* For grades 4 to 5 apply resistance to forearm, just proximal to wrist in a direction opposite to horizontal adduction<ref>Hislop H, Avers D, Brown M. Daniels and Worthingham's muscle Testing-E-Book: Techniques of manual examination and performance testing. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013 Sep 27.</ref>


{{#ev:youtube|v=D4rjZQpl9Lo}}
{{#ev:youtube|v=5CWIH0SXtOo|300}}<ref>EducatedPT. Shoulder Abduction (in Scapular Plane) MMT. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CWIH0SXtOo [last accessed 31/7/2021]</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 16:07, 31 July 2021

Original Editor - Claire Knott

Top Contributors - Claire Knott, Nikhil Benhur Abburi and Wanda van Niekerk  

Muscles Involved:[edit | edit source]

Patient Positioning[edit | edit source]

  • Seated, shoulder positioned in the scapular plane 25 degrees anterior to frontal plane, thumb directed up
  • For Grades 0-2 there is no 'gravity minimal' position for this movement.

Therapist Position[edit | edit source]

  • Therapist is standing at test side
  • Palpation over shoulder abductors.

To Test[edit | edit source]

  • Patient actively abducts the shoulder[1]
  • For grades 4-5 therapist to provide resistance over distal humerus in the direction opposite to shoulder abduction in the scapular plane.
  • To satisfy grade 5 'normal muscle' performance criteria, the patient must have the ability to move through complete range of motion (active resistance testing) OR maintain an end point range (break testing) against maximum resistance.

[2]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Hislop H, Avers D, Brown M. Daniels and Worthingham's muscle Testing-E-Book: Techniques of manual examination and performance testing. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013 Sep 27.
  2. ↑ EducatedPT. Shoulder Abduction (in Scapular Plane) MMT. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CWIH0SXtOo [last accessed 31/7/2021]
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