Manual Muscle Testing: Shoulder Extension: Difference between revisions

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== Muscles Involved: ==
== Muscles Involved: ==
[[Extensor carpi radialis longus]]
[[Latissimus Dorsi Muscle|Latissimus Dorsi]]


Extensor carpi radialis brevis
[[Deltoid]] (posterior)


Extensor carpi ulnaris
[[Teres Major]]


== Patient Positioning ==
== Patient Positioning ==
* Patient is seated with palmar surface of forearm supported on table
* Patient is seated, elbow extended with arm free to move
* Palm up in the anatomical position


== Joint start Position ==
== Joint start Position ==
The forearm in pronation, wrist in neutral.
* Shoulder in neutral position to start


== Therapist Position ==
== Therapist Position ==
* Therapist is seated to access test-side
* Therapist stands on test-side
* Palpation over shoulder extensors


== To Test ==
== To Test ==
* Patient actively extends the wrist through range.
* Patient actively extends the shoulder through available range
* For grades 4 to 5 apply resistance through dorsal aspect of hand in a direction opposite to extension.
* For grades 4 to 5 apply resistance over posterior surface of distal humerus in a direction opposite to extension<ref>Hislop H, Avers D, Brown M. Daniels and Worthingham's muscle Testing-E-Book: Techniques of manual examination and performance testing. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013 Sep 27.</ref>
 
== Biasing Muscles/ Muscle Groups ==
* '''To bias extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis''': preposition the wrist in slight extension and radial deviation and instruct the patient to extend the wrist leading with the thumb side. Resistance is applied over the 2nd metacarpal (radial side) in the direction of flexion and ulnar deviation.
* '''To bias extensor carpi ulnaris''': preposition the wrist in slight extension and ulnar deviation and instruct the patient to extend the wrist leading with the 5th digit ("pinky") side. Resistance is applied over the dorsal surface of the 5th metacarpal (ulna side) in the direction of flexion and radial deviation.<ref>Hislop H, Avers D, Brown M. Daniels and Worthingham's muscle Testing-E-Book: Techniques of manual examination and performance testing. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013 Sep 27.</ref>


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Revision as of 15:29, 15 November 2018

Muscles Involved:[edit | edit source]

Latissimus Dorsi

Deltoid (posterior)

Teres Major

Patient Positioning[edit | edit source]

  • Patient is seated, elbow extended with arm free to move
  • Palm up in the anatomical position

Joint start Position[edit | edit source]

  • Shoulder in neutral position to start

Therapist Position[edit | edit source]

  • Therapist stands on test-side
  • Palpation over shoulder extensors

To Test[edit | edit source]

  • Patient actively extends the shoulder through available range
  • For grades 4 to 5 apply resistance over posterior surface of distal humerus in a direction opposite to extension[1]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. Hislop H, Avers D, Brown M. Daniels and Worthingham's muscle Testing-E-Book: Techniques of manual examination and performance testing. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2013 Sep 27.