Mental Health and the Young Athlete

Introduction

Physical activity is beneficial for all. The WHO recommended that children and youth between the ages of 5 and 17 ought to take part in 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous each day (WHO). A young individual who takes part in a sporting activity will be able to meet these requirements and garner the benefits of being physically active. According to Merkel (2013) organized sports have a positive impact on the young individual who participates in such activities. Athletic endeavors aided in mitigating the negative impact of inactivity and an unhealthy lifestyle. Notwithstanding this however it ought to be stated that this same study also noted that sports could have a negative impact on the young athlete. The WHO defined mental health "as a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community (WHO, 2014)

The adolescent years are accompanied by many stressors. The young person who participates in athletic endeavors may find participation in such activities an additional source of stress. The activity which is of physical benefit to the athlete may have negative psychological and emotional impact on their well-being.

The young athlete is "still developing cognitively and physically and is actively learning from adult behaviors and values" (Athletic Magee)

Research suggests that the prevalence of mental disorders may be lower in the athletic population or comparable to the general population of young people (Gulliver et al BMC psychiatry 2012, 12:157). This is in contrast to a study done by Kissinger (2007) who found that athletes at the intercollegiate suffered from psychological conditions at a slightly higher rate (2% more) than the general age matched population.

Magee (athletic Magee) highlights the fact that personnel such as physicians, athletic trainers and sports physical therapist involved in the care of young athletes ought to ensure the overall emotional and cognitive well-being of the athlete. It is noted that this is important not only for the present development of the young athlete but also future development.