The Effectiveness of Manual Therapies on the Thoracic Spine​: Difference between revisions

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== ''The Thoracic Spine:'' ==


== ''The Thoracic Spine:'' ==
'''Anatomy:'''
* It is the longest portion of the spine and runs from the base of the neck to the abdomen
** Connecting to the Cervical Spine above and the Lumbar Spine below
* Contains 12 Vertebrae (T1-T12)
* Each vertebrae has the same make up as the Cervical with slightly longer Spinous Processes
* IVD sit between each Vertebrae
* The Thoracic Spine articulates with the Ribs to add extra support to the rib cage
** T12 does not articulate with a rib


==== '''Anatomy'''  ====
Mobility:
==== Consists of 12 Vertebrae ====
* Less mobile than the cervical and the lumbar spine
* T1-T8 = reduced flexion and extension, but increased axial rotation
* T9-T12 =  
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'''Main Conditions:'''


==== '''Main Conditions:''' ====


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'''Contraindications to Manual Therapy:'''


==== '''Contraindications to Manual Therapy:''' ====


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== Manual Therapies ==
== Manual Therapies ==


==== '''Mobilisations:''' ====
'''Mobilisations:'''
 
===== '''''Sympo-excitatory response​''''' =====
Joint mobilisations have been defined by maitland as an externally imposed, small amplitude passive motion that is intended to produce gliding or traction at a joint<ref>3. Edmond S. Joint Mobilization/Manipulation - E-Book. 3rd ed. Elsevier Health Sciences.​; 2016.</ref>(Edmond, 2016). ​
 
They are often used in the Physiotherapy management in order to produce mechanical and neurophysiological effects(Edmond, 2016) . It has been theorised by many authors that this is achieved when the symptathic nervous system is excited following mobilisations, and thus the pain threshold increases. There have been several RCT's surrounding this area of interest so a systematic review was written by Kingston et al (2014) on the topic and found that each study did demostrate an sympo-excitatory response. Therefore following an acute injury, or where a patient is suffering from painful inflammation of the target area, it would be useful to treat them centrally, using mobilisations, away from the target area. This can be performed at any level of the spine, including the thoracic spine.​
 
​
 
===== '''''Pulmonary Function​''''' =====
Recent evidence has been published ​


Video:
Video:


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'''Manipulations:'''


==== '''Manipulations:''' ====
Video:
Video:


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'''Soft Tissue (STT):'''


==== '''Soft Tissue (STT):''' ====
Video:
Video:
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== '''Summary:''' ==
 
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'''Summary:'''
== References: ==
'''<nowiki><references /></nowiki>'''
<references />

Revision as of 12:08, 26 May 2019

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The Thoracic Spine:[edit | edit source]

Anatomy:

  • It is the longest portion of the spine and runs from the base of the neck to the abdomen
    • Connecting to the Cervical Spine above and the Lumbar Spine below
  • Contains 12 Vertebrae (T1-T12)
  • Each vertebrae has the same make up as the Cervical with slightly longer Spinous Processes
  • IVD sit between each Vertebrae
  • The Thoracic Spine articulates with the Ribs to add extra support to the rib cage
    • T12 does not articulate with a rib

Mobility:

  • Less mobile than the cervical and the lumbar spine
  • T1-T8 = reduced flexion and extension, but increased axial rotation
  • T9-T12 =

Main Conditions:


Contraindications to Manual Therapy:


Manual Therapies[edit | edit source]

Mobilisations:

Video:

Manipulations:

Video:

Soft Tissue (STT):

Video:


Summary:

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