Thrower's Shoulder
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Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
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Epidemiology /Etiology[edit | edit source]
While many sports involve overhead throwing, baseball pitchers compromise a plurality of those throws and over half of the throws made in a baseball game[1].
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
- Thrower's Paradox - The balance between mobility and functional stability. -JM_Wilk Article
Differential Diagnosis [2][edit | edit source]
- Rotator Cuff Tear
- Rotator Cuff Tendonosis/itis
- SLAP Tear
- Internal Impingement
Examination[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[3][4] [edit | edit source]
Pitchers have the option of throwing from "The Stretch" or "The Wind-up" positions. It is important for them to be comfortable with both deliveries and for both to be mechanically similar during the follow-through phase[5].
"The Stretch" vs "The Wind-up"
The ability to provide the best physical therapy for the throwing patient involves understanding the phases and biomechanics behind throwing. It is important to note that while these athletes are throwing with their arms, that they gain a large, important amount of momentum and force through the use of their legs and torso. This section will mostly pertain to the upper extremity's influence on throwing.
The picture below depicts an overhead view of the alignment of the body during the acceleration phase of throwing. Note the 10-15 degree angle of the foot away from the center of the mound[5].
Image:Pitching_angle_foot_and_leg.png
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References[edit | edit source]
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- ↑ Whiteley R. Baseball Throwing Mechanics as They Relate to Pathology and Performance – A Review. J Sports Sci & Med 2007 6:1-20.
- ↑ Wilk et al. Shoulder Injuries in the Overhead Athlete. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009;39(2):38-54. Article
- ↑ Wilk KE, Meister K, Andrews JR. Current Concepts in the Rehabilitation of the Overhead Throwing Athlete. Am J Sports Med 2002 30:136.
- ↑ Meister K. Injuries to the Shoulder in the Throwing Athlete: Part Two: Evaluation/Treatment. Am J Sports Med 2000 28:587.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Whiteley R. Baseball Throwing Mechanics as They Relate to Pathology and Performance – A Review. J Sports Sci & Med 2007 6:1-20.
