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| == <br> == | | == <br> == |
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| == Movement System Impairment ==
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| <br>A localised painful condition arising from irritation of myofascial, periarticular, or articular tissues. This originates from mechanical trauma, most often microtrauma. Microtrauma is ascribed to overuse, repeated use, or excessive load. Excessive load may occur in a single episode, or during repeated movements. Repeated use can include one hour of working at a desk, many years after stopping a similar activity, or someone who performs the same activity every day for many days. Microtrauma may also be caused by deviation from ideal anatomy.
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| <br>Pain originating from musculoskeletal system is the most common group of individuals receiving physiotherapy.60% are treated for musculoskeletal pain, 25% are treated for LBP. Numerous reports cite the high cost of LBP to society.
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| <br>It is the aim of the physiotherapist to assign a diagnosis, this is usually based on pathophysiological knowledge, and directs treatment. The use of categories for classification allows the use of diagnostic schemes for treatment programs, a method of treatment that paves the way for evidence based practice.
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| <br>'''''CAUSE IDENTIFICATION VS. SYMPTOM REDUCTION'''''
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| ''<br>Intervention has often been aimed at symptomatic relief, and has ignored the causation of tissue irritation. Management of MIS has been proven difficult as diagnosis is often based on symptomatic reporting rather than objective testing. When the patient understands how to control the factors producing their symptoms, they can be active in treatment, and prevention.<br>''
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| DEVELOPMENT OF HYPOTHESIS OF CAUSAL AND CONTRIBUTING FACTORS; SPECIFIC AND SYSTEMATIC EXAMINATION HIGHLIGHTING FACTORS. DIAGNOSIS TO DIRECT TREATMENT; TREATMENT STRATEGY BASED ON DIAGNOSIS AND CONTRIBUTING FACTORS; EVALUATION OF TREATMENT OUTCOME
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| <br>Names of diagnostic categories of classification system are the names of joint motions, physiologic or accessory. The name of the syndrome is the movement or postural alignment during which pain is present. E.g. lumbar flexion syndrome is characterised by pain when the lumbar spine is flexed.
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| <br>Examinations are combinatorial, meaning one test is not singularly diagnostic. Each test is used to verify the presence of the DSM. Specific tests for contributing factors, such as muscle stiffness, length and strength, and patterns of recruitment and compensatory secondary joint movement form part of an examination.<br>
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| == Heading 3 == | | == Heading 3 == |
