Kwashiorkor: Difference between revisions
Kevin Boothe (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Kevin Boothe (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
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== Characteristics/Clinical Presentation == | == Characteristics/Clinical Presentation == | ||
Symptoms: | Symptoms:<sup>1,2,3,4</sup><sup></sup> | ||
- changes in skin pigment | - changes in skin pigment (reddish pigmentation)<br> | ||
- decreased muscle mass | - atrophy (decreased muscle mass) of muscles and glands <br> | ||
- diarrhea | - severe diarrhea | ||
- failure to gain weight | - failure to gain weight | ||
- fatigue | - fatigue | ||
- hair changes (change in color or texture) | - hair changes (change in color or texture); reddish orange color<br> | ||
- increased risk and severity of infections due to compromised immune system | - increased risk and severity of infections due to compromised immune system | ||
- irritability (excessive response to a stimulus) | - irritability (excessive response to a stimulus) | ||
- distended abdomen | - distended abdomen | ||
- lethargy (fatigue) or apathy (lack of feeling or emotion) | - lethargy (fatigue) or mental apathy (lack of feeling or emotion) | ||
- | - enlarged fatty liver<br> | ||
- dermatitis | - dermatitis | ||
- shock | - shock(late stage)<br> | ||
- edema | - edema | ||
- retarded development | |||
== Associated Co-morbidities == | == Associated Co-morbidities == | ||
Revision as of 01:02, 18 March 2011
Original Editors - Kevin Boothe from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Lead Editors - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. Read more.
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition that occurs when there is not enough protein in the diet.1 It is most often encountered in children of overpopulated developing or underdeveloped countries, where their diet consist mostly of grains and starchy vegetables, with low to minimal amounts of protein included in their diet. This diet is adequate in calories, but deficient in certain amino acids, which constituents proteins for vital growth. During nursing, the mother is able to supply the essential amino acids and proteins needed via breastfeeding. After the child is weaned from breastfeeding, their protein needs are neither met by milk or meat.2,3 The condition of kwashiorkor in children was first described in 1932. Kwashiorkor, in African dialect, means "desposed child" ("deposed" from the mother's breast by a newborn sibling) and "red boy" due to the reddish orange discoloration of the hair that is a characteristic of the disease.3
Prevalence[edit | edit source]
Kwashiorkor is most prevalent in overpopulated areas of the world in underdeveloped and developing countries, particularly in sections of Africa, Central and South America, and South Asia.3
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Symptoms:1,2,3,4
- changes in skin pigment (reddish pigmentation)
- atrophy (decreased muscle mass) of muscles and glands
- severe diarrhea
- failure to gain weight
- fatigue
- hair changes (change in color or texture); reddish orange color
- increased risk and severity of infections due to compromised immune system
- irritability (excessive response to a stimulus)
- distended abdomen
- lethargy (fatigue) or mental apathy (lack of feeling or emotion)
- enlarged fatty liver
- dermatitis
- shock(late stage)
- edema
- retarded development
Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
Arterial Blood Gas (ABGs)
BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)
CBC (Complete Blood Count)
Creatinine clearance
Serum creatinine
Serum potassium
Total protein levels
Urinalysis
Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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