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...] affecting the central nervous system (CNS)<ref name=":0" />. Neuropathic pain in the general population is estimated to have a prevalence ranging between ...hamedpress.org/content/15/suppl_2/24.full Future directions in neuropathic pain therapy: closing the translational loop]. The oncologist. 2010 May 1;15(Sup

...een reported that about 20% of patients will have some degree of articular pain or joint effusion&nbsp;<ref name="hill">Hill CE, McKee L. Osteopoikilosis: ..., Shah NZ, Mohanty T. Case Report of Osteopoikilosis: Sparse Cause of Bone Pain and Mimicker of Metastasis on Radiographs. J Orthop Case Rep. 2021 Mar;11(3

...ncing an increase in clinical significance due to its role in [[shoulder]] pain and upper limb weakness.<ref name=":0">Kostretzis L, Theodoroudis I, Boutsi ...to the neck. Cross-body adduction and internal rotation may increase pain. Pain will not be present if nerve injury is distal to spinoglenoid notch. Almost

...use in physiotherapy relates to the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal and pain disorders, and sport rehabilitation. <ref name=":0" /> Some commonly treate * Low back pain

== Pain == ...itization https://www.iasp-pain.org/Education/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=1698#Pain] (accessed 16 April 2022). </ref>

...en is by using scales of various facial expressions, and associating their pain level to a similar face. ...pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23283256/ The Wong-Baker Pain FACES Scale Measures Pain, Not Fear.] Pediatric Emergency Care. 2013:29(1):17-20. </ref>

.../articles/PMC3445210/ Influence of the hip on patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a systematic review]. Sports health. 2011 Sep;3(5):455-65.Availab ...al Knee-Based Strengthening More Effective in Patients With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome?] A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis. Orthopaedic Journal of S

# '''Reticular and intralaminar nuclei''': involved in arousal and pain regulation * sensory issues (e.g. pain, paraesthesia, numbness, hypersensitivity)

== Pain Self-Efficacy Explained == [[File:Pain beliefs.jpeg|thumb|Personal Pain Beliefs]]

...cal & Post‐op Management of Cervical Spine Stenosis|Surgical &amp; Post-op Management of Cervical Spinal Stenosis]] *[[Chronic Low Back Pain|Chronic Low Back Pain&nbsp;]]

...in adolescent athletes <ref name=":1">Morgan Jr RC, Crawford AH. Surgical management of tarsal coalition in adolescent athletes. Foot & ankle. 1986 Dec;7(3):183 ...isrupt the coalition, causing the coalition itself to become painful. This pain is often initially diagnosed as an ankle sprain, although it is not allevia

* Trigeminal distribution pain ...loss or ringing in the ears ([[tinnitus]]) , [[ataxia]], trigeminal nerve pain, nausea and vomiting.<ref name=":0" />

...is complaining of a 5 month history of neck pain with associated left arm pain and paraesthesia. I first started seeing the patient at approximately 2 mon ...e patient was concerned about the lack of progress and the duration of her pain was getting her down. She reported that she would like to be investigated f

...ief validated tool, designed to screen primary care patients with low back pain for prognostic indicators that are relevant to initial decision making <ref Primary care patients with low back pain <ref name="Keele University" />.

...can occur towards the side of pain (ipsilateral) or away from the side of pain (contralateral). It is most visible when the patient is standing and correc ...., & Donelson, R. (2008). Evidence-informed management of chronic low back pain with the McKenzie method. ''The spine journal : official journal of the Nor

...500/ Reliability of measures of impairments associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome.] BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 2006 Dec 1;7(1):33.</ref> * Gluteus minimus tendinopathy often results in [[Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome]] (GTPS).

...nifestations and no motor deficits. In this condition, the patient reports pain over the distal radial forearm associated with paresthesia over the dorsal ...d be mindful that this may also be positive in patients with more proximal pain generators, such as a lateral antebrachial cutaneous neuritis.<ref name="al

...0;injury:&#x20;a&#x20;systematic&#x20;review. Conservative versus surgical management of elbow medial ulnar collateral ligament injury: a systematic review.] Ort ...bow ulnar collateral ligament injuries in throwing athletes: diagnosis and management]. The Journal of Hand Surgery. 2022 Mar 1;47(3):266-73.</ref>. The distal a

...through the foramen magnum probably accounts for the most common symptom, pain. Pain in neck or headache made worse by coughing or the valsalva manoeuvre are su

...majority of people the TMJ adapts to the disc position and rarely produces pain from being in a different position. <ref>Poluha RL, Canales GD, Costa YM, G ....gov/pmc/articles/PMC6322638/ Distribution of depression, somatization and pain-related impairment in patients with chronic temporomandibular disorders.] J