Fecal Incontinence and Constipation Questionnaire: Difference between revisions

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== Background ==
== Background ==
Fecal incontinence is defined as the involuntary loss of solid or liquid feces or mucus<ref>Markland AD, Goode PS, Burgio KL, et al. Incidence and risk factors for fecal incontinence in black and white older adults: a population-based study. J Am Geriatr Soc.2010;58:1341–1346.</ref>. Fecal constipation is a decreased frequency of bowel actions (<1 every 3 days) that also may be associated with excessive straining during the passage of stool.<ref>Brady CM. Constipation and fecal incontinence. In: Munsat TL, ed. Neurologic Bladder, Bowel and Sexual Dysfunction.Vol 1. Oxfordshire, United Kingdom: Elsevier Science Ltd; 2001:27–37.</ref> Faecal incontinence (FI) and functional constipation are relatively common symptoms in the community, particularly in the elderly<ref>Bharucha A. Fecal Incontinence Gastroenterology 2003; 124: 1672–85.</ref> affecting approximately 2.2–11.3% and  15% an of the population respectively.<ref>Drossman DA, Li Z, Andruzzi E, ''et al.''US householder survey of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Prevalence, sociodemography, and health impact. Dig Dis Sci 1993; 38: 1569–80.</ref><ref>Nelson R, Norton N, Cautley E, Furner S. Community‐based prevalence of anal incontinence. JAMA 1995; 274: 559–61.</ref>. Several scales measure the severity of fecal incontinence (FI), but the best measure is unknown. The Fecal Incontinence and Constipation Questionnaire was developed to access the prevalence of constipation and fecal incontinence  in the community; assess the risk factors for fecal incontinence; and characterize the severity of fecal incontinence all of which were a shortfall of the previoulsy validated fecal incontinence questionnaire.  
'''Fecal incontinence (FI)''' is defined as the involuntary loss of solid or liquid feces or mucus<ref>Markland AD, Goode PS, Burgio KL, et al. Incidence and risk factors for fecal incontinence in black and white older adults: a population-based study. J Am Geriatr Soc.2010;58:1341–1346.</ref>. '''Fecal constipation (FC)''' is a decreased frequency of bowel actions (<1 every 3 days) that also may be associated with excessive straining during the passage of stool.<ref>Brady CM. Constipation and fecal incontinence. In: Munsat TL, ed. Neurologic Bladder, Bowel and Sexual Dysfunction.Vol 1. Oxfordshire, United Kingdom: Elsevier Science Ltd; 2001:27–37.</ref> Fecal incontinence (FI) and functional constipation are relatively common symptoms in the community, particularly in the elderly<ref>Bharucha A. Fecal Incontinence Gastroenterology 2003; 124: 1672–85.</ref> affecting approximately 2.2–11.3% and  15% an of the population respectively.<ref>Drossman DA, Li Z, Andruzzi E, ''et al.''US householder survey of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Prevalence, sociodemography, and health impact. Dig Dis Sci 1993; 38: 1569–80.</ref><ref>Nelson R, Norton N, Cautley E, Furner S. Community‐based prevalence of anal incontinence. JAMA 1995; 274: 559–61.</ref>. Moreover, prevalence of both FI and FC increases with age<ref>Perry S, Shaw C, McGrother C, Matthews RJ, Assassa RP, Dallosso H, Williams K, Brittain KR, Azam U, Clarke M, Jagger C. Prevalence of faecal incontinence in adults aged 40 years or more living in the community. Gut. 2002 Apr 1;50(4):480-4.</ref><ref>Bharucha AE, Zinsmeister AR, Locke GR, Seide BM, McKeon K, Schleck CD, Melton III LJ. Prevalence and burden of fecal incontinence: a population-based study in women. Gastroenterology. 2005 Jul 1;129(1):42-9.</ref><ref>Botlero R, Bell RJ, Urquhart DM, Davis SR. Prevalence of fecal incontinence and its relationship with urinary incontinence in women living in the community. Menopause. 2011 Jun 1;18(6):685-9.</ref><ref>Mugie SM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. Epidemiology of constipation in children and adults: a systematic review. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2011;25:3–18.</ref><ref>Harari D, Gurwitz JH, Avorn J, et al. Bowel habit in relation to age and gender: find- ings from the National Health Interview Survey and clinical implications. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:315–320.</ref><ref name=":0">Wang YC, Deutscher D, Yen SC, Werneke MW, Mioduski JE. The self-report fecal incontinence and constipation questionnaire in patients with pelvic-floor dysfunction seeking outpatient rehabilitation. Physical therapy. 2014 Feb 1;94(2):273-88.</ref> and is more frequent in women than men.<ref name=":0" /> Several scales measure the severity of fecal incontinence (FI), but the best measure is unknown. Furthermore, there is an increasing demand for patient reported outcome measures during routine clinical outcomes to assist withe planning patient outcomes.<ref name=":0" /><ref>Abrams P, Avery K, Gardener N, Donovan J, ICIQ Advisory Board. The international consultation on incontinence modular questionnaire: www. iciq. net. The Journal of urology. 2006 Mar;175(3):1063-6.</ref><ref>Coyne K, Kelleher C. Patient reported outcomes: the ICIQ and the state of the art. Neurourology and Urodynamics: Official Journal of the International Continence Society. 2010 Apr;29(4):645-51.</ref> 
 
The Fecal Incontinence and Constipation Questionnaire (FICQ), developed by Focus on Therapeutic Outcomes Inc. in conjunction with a physical therapist,<ref name=":0" /> assesses the prevalence of constipation and fecal incontinence  in the community, the risk factors for fecal incontinence, and characterize the severity of fecal incontinence; all of which were shortfalls of the previously validated fecal incontinence questionnaires. The questions of the FICQ were formed to address the issues that are of greatest worry to patients with FI and FC.<ref name=":0" />


== Objective  ==
== Objective  ==


The Fecal Incontinence and constipation questionnaire aims to evaluate how bowel dysfunction affects patient-perceived functional status related to pelvic floor dysfunction.<ref>Wang YC, Hart DL, Deutscher D, et al..Psychometric properties and practicability of the self-report Urinary Incontinence Questionnaire in patients with pelvic-floor dysfunction seeking outpatient rehabilitation. Phys Ther. 2013;93:1116–1129.</ref>   
The Fecal Incontinence and constipation questionnaire aims to evaluate how bowel dysfunction affects patient-perceived functional status related to pelvic floor dysfunction.<ref name=":0" />   


== Intended Population  ==
== Intended Population  ==
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== Method of Use  ==
== Method of Use  ==


The FICQ is a self-report questionnaire that consists of 20 items: 15 items related to bowel leakage problems and 5 items related to constipation problems.  
The FICQ is a self-report questionnaire that consists of 20 items: 15 items related to bowel leakage problems and 5 items related to constipation problems. Each item on the questionnaire has its own Likert scale and definition. 


== Evidence ==
== Evidence ==
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== References ==
== References ==
[[Category:Pelvic Health]] [[Category:Pelvis]] [[Category:Pelvis - Assessment and Examination]]
[[Category:Pelvic Health]]  
[[Category:Pelvis]]  
[[Category:Pelvis - Assessment and Examination]]
[[Category:Womens_Health]]  
[[Category:Womens_Health]]  
[[Category:Mens_Health]]
[[Category:Mens_Health]]
<references />
<references />

Revision as of 21:50, 23 June 2020

Original Editor - Ajay Upadhyay

Top Contributors - Victoria Geropoulos, Simisola Ajeyalemi, Nicole Hills, Ajay Upadhyay and Kim Jackson  

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Background[edit | edit source]

Fecal incontinence (FI) is defined as the involuntary loss of solid or liquid feces or mucus[1]. Fecal constipation (FC) is a decreased frequency of bowel actions (<1 every 3 days) that also may be associated with excessive straining during the passage of stool.[2] Fecal incontinence (FI) and functional constipation are relatively common symptoms in the community, particularly in the elderly[3] affecting approximately 2.2–11.3% and 15% an of the population respectively.[4][5]. Moreover, prevalence of both FI and FC increases with age[6][7][8][9][10][11] and is more frequent in women than men.[11] Several scales measure the severity of fecal incontinence (FI), but the best measure is unknown. Furthermore, there is an increasing demand for patient reported outcome measures during routine clinical outcomes to assist withe planning patient outcomes.[11][12][13]

The Fecal Incontinence and Constipation Questionnaire (FICQ), developed by Focus on Therapeutic Outcomes Inc. in conjunction with a physical therapist,[11] assesses the prevalence of constipation and fecal incontinence in the community, the risk factors for fecal incontinence, and characterize the severity of fecal incontinence; all of which were shortfalls of the previously validated fecal incontinence questionnaires. The questions of the FICQ were formed to address the issues that are of greatest worry to patients with FI and FC.[11]

Objective[edit | edit source]

The Fecal Incontinence and constipation questionnaire aims to evaluate how bowel dysfunction affects patient-perceived functional status related to pelvic floor dysfunction.[11]

Intended Population[edit | edit source]

Patients above 18 years with Pelvic-floor dysfunction.

Method of Use[edit | edit source]

The FICQ is a self-report questionnaire that consists of 20 items: 15 items related to bowel leakage problems and 5 items related to constipation problems. Each item on the questionnaire has its own Likert scale and definition.

Evidence[edit | edit source]

Resources[edit | edit source]

The Self-Report Fecal Incontinence and Constipation Questionnaire in Patients With Pelvic-Floor Dysfunction Seeking Outpatient Rehabilitation

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Markland AD, Goode PS, Burgio KL, et al. Incidence and risk factors for fecal incontinence in black and white older adults: a population-based study. J Am Geriatr Soc.2010;58:1341–1346.
  2. ↑ Brady CM. Constipation and fecal incontinence. In: Munsat TL, ed. Neurologic Bladder, Bowel and Sexual Dysfunction.Vol 1. Oxfordshire, United Kingdom: Elsevier Science Ltd; 2001:27–37.
  3. ↑ Bharucha A. Fecal Incontinence Gastroenterology 2003; 124: 1672–85.
  4. ↑ Drossman DA, Li Z, Andruzzi E, et al.US householder survey of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Prevalence, sociodemography, and health impact. Dig Dis Sci 1993; 38: 1569–80.
  5. ↑ Nelson R, Norton N, Cautley E, Furner S. Community‐based prevalence of anal incontinence. JAMA 1995; 274: 559–61.
  6. ↑ Perry S, Shaw C, McGrother C, Matthews RJ, Assassa RP, Dallosso H, Williams K, Brittain KR, Azam U, Clarke M, Jagger C. Prevalence of faecal incontinence in adults aged 40 years or more living in the community. Gut. 2002 Apr 1;50(4):480-4.
  7. ↑ Bharucha AE, Zinsmeister AR, Locke GR, Seide BM, McKeon K, Schleck CD, Melton III LJ. Prevalence and burden of fecal incontinence: a population-based study in women. Gastroenterology. 2005 Jul 1;129(1):42-9.
  8. ↑ Botlero R, Bell RJ, Urquhart DM, Davis SR. Prevalence of fecal incontinence and its relationship with urinary incontinence in women living in the community. Menopause. 2011 Jun 1;18(6):685-9.
  9. ↑ Mugie SM, Benninga MA, Di Lorenzo C. Epidemiology of constipation in children and adults: a systematic review. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2011;25:3–18.
  10. ↑ Harari D, Gurwitz JH, Avorn J, et al. Bowel habit in relation to age and gender: find- ings from the National Health Interview Survey and clinical implications. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:315–320.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 Wang YC, Deutscher D, Yen SC, Werneke MW, Mioduski JE. The self-report fecal incontinence and constipation questionnaire in patients with pelvic-floor dysfunction seeking outpatient rehabilitation. Physical therapy. 2014 Feb 1;94(2):273-88.
  12. ↑ Abrams P, Avery K, Gardener N, Donovan J, ICIQ Advisory Board. The international consultation on incontinence modular questionnaire: www. iciq. net. The Journal of urology. 2006 Mar;175(3):1063-6.
  13. ↑ Coyne K, Kelleher C. Patient reported outcomes: the ICIQ and the state of the art. Neurourology and Urodynamics: Official Journal of the International Continence Society. 2010 Apr;29(4):645-51.
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