Osteoporosis
Original Editors - Alli Castagno & Christy Kaiser from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
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Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Osteoporosis, literally meaning porous bones, is a decrease in bone mass and damage to the bone structure. The combination of the two causes bones to be more susceptible to fracture. There are two types; primary and secondary osteoporosis. Primary osteoporosis is unrelated to other disease or condition, and is the more common of the two. It is most common in women post menopause or older men, but can occur to either gender at all ages. Some types of primary osteoporosis are idiopathic osteoporosis, postmenopausal osteoporosis, and senile or involutional osteoporosis. Secondary osteoporosis occurs as a side effect of medication or secondary to another condition or disease. Osteopenia is the condition of low bone mass. This is often a precursor to osteoporosis. Low bone density, frequently reported as T-scores, is often used to classify individuals as osteoporotic. According to the World Health Organization, a normal bone mineral density score is -1.0 or higher, -1.0 to -2.5 for osteopenia, and -2.5 or lower for osteoporosis.
Prevalence[edit | edit source]
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Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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