Hospital Acquired Pneumonia

Welcome to Glasgow Caledonian University Cardiorespiratory Therapeutics Project This project is created by and for the students in the School of Physiotherapy at Glasgow Caledonian University. Please do not edit unless you are involved in this project, but please come back in the near future to check out new information!!

Original Editors - Students from Glasgow Caledonian University's Cardiorespiratory Therapeutics Project.

Top Contributors - Bertie Elles, Lucinda hampton, Kim Jackson, Adam Vallely Farrell, 127.0.0.1, Admin, Michelle Lee, Karen Wilson and Lauren Lopez  

Definition/Description

Distinguishing between pneumonia and Hospital-acquired pneumonia

Pneumonia

“Pneumonia is an infection of the lung tissue. When a person has pneumonia the air sacs in their lungs become filled with microorganisms, fluid and inflammatory cells and their lungs are not able to work properly. Diagnosis of pneumonia is based on symptoms and signs of an acute lower respiratory tract infection, and can be confirmed by a chest X-ray showing new shadowing that is not due to any other cause (such as pulmonary oedema or infarction)." 
(NICE clinical guidelines 2014)

Hospital-acquired pneumonia

"Hospital-acquired pneumonia is defined as pneumonia that occurs 48 hours or more after hospital admission and is not incubating at hospital admission. Early-onset (occurring within 4 days of admission) hospital-acquired pneumonia is usually caused by the same bacteria and viruses as community-acquired pneumonia and has a good prognosis. Late-onset (starting 5 days or more after admission) hospital-acquired pneumonia has a worse prognosis and is usually caused by micro-organisms that are acquired from the hospital environment. MRSA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other non-pseudomonal Gram-negative bacteria are the most common causes."

(NICE Hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: telavancin. Published: 15 July 2014)

Epidemiology

Background epidemiology to the disease or condition (to include prevalence and incidence as appropriate from a UK or Scottish perspective. (You may want to also look at the disease prevalence across different social economic groups).

Aetiology

The causes of the disease or condition, current thinking and research activity as appropriate

Investigations

This may well include any investigations used to gain a diagnosis or that you might need to gain information about your patient assessment.

Clinical Manifestations

Clinical manifestations (the signs and symptoms your patient may well present to you on an examination) ensure you relate this back to the underlying pathophysiology.

Physiotherapy and Other Management

Physiotherapy and other management. Other health professionals will be treating your patient. What is their input?

Prevention

Brief consideration of how this pathology could be prevented and the physiotherapy role in health promotion in relation to prevention of disease or disease progression.

Resources

add appropriate resources here

Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)

see tutorial on Adding PubMed Feed

References

see adding references tutorial.