Somatic Symptom Disorder: Difference between revisions
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Information about the prevalence of SSD is lacking due to the recent changes in the DSM-V code in 2013. The prevalence of DSM-IV code of somatization disorder is more widely known and the following data has been obtained: <br> | Information about the prevalence of SSD is lacking due to the recent changes in the DSM-V code in 2013. The prevalence of DSM-IV code of somatization disorder is more widely known and the following data has been obtained: <br> | ||
*For restrictive diagnoses, rates are low in community samples (0.1%) but this may be due to reporting bias<sup>3</sup> | |||
*The disorder may be as high as 2% in community dwelling women, whereas some cases are reported to be as high as 11.6% of the population<sup>3</sup><br> | |||
*The female-to-male ratio is 10:1 and may begin in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. Older adults who are diagnosed with somatization disorder is a rare finding and should be referred to a medical specialist for an underlying medical illness or consider depression as the primary cause of the individual’s perception of pain<sup>3</sup>. <br> | |||
Van noorden MS, Giltay EJ, Van der wee NJ, Zitman FG. [The Leiden Routine Outcome Monitoring Study: mood, anxiety and somatoform disorders in patients attending a day clinic]. Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2014;56(1):22-31. | |||
The prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms used to diagnose an individual with somatization disorder are listed below: <br> | |||
*15-25% in primary care<br> | |||
*39-52% in specialist clinics<br> | |||
*>60% in neurology <br> | |||
<br> | |||
Stein E. Somatic Symptom Disorders in DSM-5: A step forward or a fall back? [PowerPoint]. Alberta Psychiatric Association; 2013.<br> | |||
<br> | |||
== Characteristics/Clinical Presentation == | == Characteristics/Clinical Presentation == |
Revision as of 19:10, 27 February 2014
Original Editors - Lauren Rouse & Laura Stigler from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Top Contributors - Lauren Rouse, Laura Stigler, Elaine Lonnemann, Admin, WikiSysop, Kim Jackson, Vidya Acharya and Wendy Walker
Definition/Description
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Somatic symptom disorder (SSD), as defined by the DSM-V code, occurs in individuals who experience exaggerated and disrupted physical symptoms in multiple areas of the body accompanied by exaggerated thoughts impairing activities of daily living. Diagnosis of SSD requires that the individual has experienced these symptoms for at least six months in duration. This disorder has recently been updated from DSM-IV code of somatization disorder to the DSM-V code of SSD. The prior diagnosis required that patients experience complaints from four different symptom groups; however, this is no longer required with the new DSM-V code1. In addition, patients who had experienced these symptoms associated with other comorbidities such as heart disease, osteoarthritis, or cancer were previously excluded from diagnosis of the DSM-IV code. The DSM-V definition can now inlcude these patients under the diagnostic code of SSD, even if the psychological symptoms were secondary to the primary diagnosis. These patients can now be considered appropriate for psychological treatment; however, a full psychological evaluation is needed to rule out other possible disorders2.
Prevalence[edit | edit source]
Information about the prevalence of SSD is lacking due to the recent changes in the DSM-V code in 2013. The prevalence of DSM-IV code of somatization disorder is more widely known and the following data has been obtained:
- For restrictive diagnoses, rates are low in community samples (0.1%) but this may be due to reporting bias3
- The disorder may be as high as 2% in community dwelling women, whereas some cases are reported to be as high as 11.6% of the population3
- The female-to-male ratio is 10:1 and may begin in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. Older adults who are diagnosed with somatization disorder is a rare finding and should be referred to a medical specialist for an underlying medical illness or consider depression as the primary cause of the individual’s perception of pain3.
Van noorden MS, Giltay EJ, Van der wee NJ, Zitman FG. [The Leiden Routine Outcome Monitoring Study: mood, anxiety and somatoform disorders in patients attending a day clinic]. Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2014;56(1):22-31.
The prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms used to diagnose an individual with somatization disorder are listed below:
- 15-25% in primary care
- 39-52% in specialist clinics
- >60% in neurology
Stein E. Somatic Symptom Disorders in DSM-5: A step forward or a fall back? [PowerPoint]. Alberta Psychiatric Association; 2013.
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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