Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Original Editor - Tolulope Adeniji.
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Introduction to COVID-19[edit | edit source]
The World Health Organisation (WHO) has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID - 19) a pandemic[1]. A global coordinated effort is needed to stop the further spread of the virus. A pandemic is defined as a “occurring over a wide geographic area and affecting an exceptionally high proportion of the population”[2] The last pandemic reported in the world was the H1N1 flu pandemic in 2009.
On 31 December 2019, a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause, in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province in China, was reported to the World Health Organisation. In January 2020, a novel coronavirus was identified and samples obtained from cases and analysis of the virus’ genetics indicated that this was the cause of the outbreak. The virus is referred to as SARS-CoV-2 and the associated disease is COVID-19[3]
As of 15 March 2020, over 156,000 cases have been identified globally in 123 countries with a total of over 5,000 fatalities. Live data can be accessed here.
This novel coronavirus was named Coronavirus Disease-2019 ( COVID-19) by WHO in Febuary,2020.[4] This viral diseases,corona viruses, are zoonotic[5] and COVID-19 is not only a contagious respiratory diseases and it can also cause epidemics[6]. Like the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) virus that first appeared in China, COVID-19 was also first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Given the fact that this condition can currently be described as a pandemic condition, there is no definitive cure for this disease. Nevertheless, the prevention mechanism by activating the infection control mechanism is necessary to minimize the spread of the disease. Oxygen therapy and other symptomatic treatment of a person with COVID-19 are also standard means of care.
Pathological Process[edit | edit source]
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Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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High risk population[edit | edit source]
Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
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Management / Interventions[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Resources[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ World Health Organization. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 (Accessed 14 March 2020)
- ↑ Marriam Webster Dictionary. Pandemic. Available from:https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pandemic (Accessed 14 March 2020)
- ↑ Public Health England. COVID-19: epidemiology, virology and clinical features. Available from:https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/wuhan-novel-coronavirus-background-information/wuhan-novel-coronavirus-epidemiology-virology-and-clinical-features (Accessed 14 March 2020)
- ↑ World Health Organization. Director-General's remarks at the media briefing on 2019-nCoV on 11 February 2020. 2020/2/18)[2020-02-21]. https://www. who. int/dg/speeches/detail/who-directorgeneral-s-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-2019-ncov-on-11-february-2020. 2020.
- ↑ Chan JF, Lau SK, To KK, Cheng VC, Woo PC, Yuen KY. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: another zoonotic betacoronavirus causing SARS-like disease. Clinical microbiology reviews. 2015 Apr 1;28(2):465-522.
- ↑ Levine, D., Spratt, H., Hanks, J., & Woods, C., 2020. Novel Coronavirus: A Wake-Up Call For Best Practices In Preventing Pathogen Transmission.[online] Available at: <https://www.apta.org/Blogs/PTTransforms/2020/3/10/CoronaBestPractices/> [Accessed 14 March 2020].
