Brief Pain Inventory - Short Form

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Summary

The Brief Pain Inventory- Short Form (BPI-sf) is a 9 item self-administered questionnaire used to evaluate the severity of a patient's pain and the impact of this pain on the patient's daily functioning. The patient is asked to rate their worst, least, average, and current pain intensity, list current treatments and their perceived effectiveness, and rate the degree that pain interferes with general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with other persons, sleep, and enjoyment of life on a 10 point scale. The BPI-sf is a modification of the Brief Pain Inventory - Long Form, which includes additional questions on demographics (date of birth, marital status, education, employment), pain history, aggravating and easing factors, treatment and medication, pain quality, and response to treatment.

The brevity of the BPI-sf makes it suitable for settings in which pain is assessed on a daily basis (e.g. in a randomized control trial), whereas the long-form may be more appropriate as a baseline measure.

The questionnaire exists within the biopsychosocial model of pain, as it addresses sensory, emotional, and functional aspects of the pain experience. Thus, the tool is responsive to changes in pain associated with both pharmacological, physical, and psychological interventions.

Intended Population

Originally intended for use in epidemiological studies and clinical trials involving patients with cancer-related pain, the BPI-sf is now widely used in a range of chronic cancer-related and non-malignant pain conditions, including HIV/AIDS, phantom limb pain, critical limb ischemia, neuropathy, low back pain, and osteoarthritis. The tool has also been used to assess individuals experiencing acute pain, for example post-operatively.

The questionnaire has been translated into numerous languages including Vietnamese, Chinese, Italian, German, Taiwanese, Greek, Norwegian, French, Hindi, Japanese, and Spanish.

Method of Use

The questionnaire can be completed via self-report or interview. The short form version takes 5 minutes for the patient to complete.

Resources

Brief Pain Inventory User's Guide

Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)

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