Craig's Test

Original Editor - Manisha Shrestha
Top Contributors - Manisha Shrestha, Kim Jackson and Stacy Schiurring

Purpose

This test is used to measure femoral anteversion or forward torsion of the femoral neck.

Anteversion of the hip is measured by the angle made by the femoral neck with the femoral condyles. It is the degree of forward projection of the femoral neck from the coronal plane of the shaft.

Technique

Patient position:

The patient was placed in the prone position with the knee flexion of 90° on an examination table

Therapist position:

The examiner stands toward the tested side. Examiner then palpated the greater trochanter of tested side while passively rotating the hip until the most prominent portion of the greater trochanter reached its most lateral position.

The Femoral anteversion angle (FAA), comprising the angle between the shaft of the tibia and a line perpendicular to the table, was measured using a digital goniometer.

Evidence

it decreases during the growing period. At birth, the mean angle is approximately 30°; in the adult, the mean angle is 8° to 15°. Increased anteversion leads to squinting patellae and toeing-in. Excessive anteversion is twice as common in girls as in boys. A common clinical finding of excessive anteversion is excessive medial hip rotation (more than 60°) and decreased lateral rotation in extension.

Gelberman et al. pointed out, however, that rotation should be viewed both in neutral (as in Craig’s test) and with 90° of hip flexion, because rotation shows greater variability in flexion. They felt that greater medial rotation than lateral rotation in both positions was a better indicator of increased femoral anteversion. 

Resources

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References

Original Editor - Manisha Shrestha Top Contributors - Manisha Shrestha, Kim Jackson and Stacy Schiurring