Ovarian Cancer: Difference between revisions
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Epithelial ovarian cancer presents with a wide variety of vague and nonspecific symptoms.<ref name="Medscape">Green A. Ovarian Cancer. Medscape. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/255771-overview#a0101. Published 1994-2014. Updated March 10, 2014. Accessed March 12, 2014.</ref> Ovarian cancer may cause one or more of these signs and symptoms-- | Epithelial ovarian cancer presents with a wide variety of vague and nonspecific symptoms.<ref name="Medscape">Green A. Ovarian Cancer. Medscape. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/255771-overview#a0101. Published 1994-2014. Updated March 10, 2014. Accessed March 12, 2014.</ref> Ovarian cancer may cause one or more of these signs and symptoms-- | ||
* Bloating, which is when the area below your stomach swells or feels full <ref name="Medscape" /><ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Mayo">Mayo Clinic Staff. Diseases and Conditions Ovarian Cancer. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ovarian-cancer/basics/definition/con-20028096. Published 1998-2014. Updated November 10, 2012. Accessed March 12, 2014.</ref> | * Bloating, which is when the area below your stomach swells or feels full <ref name="Medscape" /><ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Mayo">Mayo Clinic Staff. Diseases and Conditions Ovarian Cancer. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ovarian-cancer/basics/definition/con-20028096. Published 1998-2014. Updated November 10, 2012. Accessed March 12, 2014.</ref> | ||
* Vaginal bleeding or discharge (not normal for individual) <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Medscape" /> | * Vaginal bleeding or discharge (not normal for individual) <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Medscape" /> | ||
* Pain in the pelvic or abdominal area, abdominal distension or discomfort, abdominal mass <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Medscape" /> | * Pain in the pelvic or abdominal area, abdominal distension or discomfort, abdominal mass <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Medscape" /> | ||
* Back pain <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Mayo" /> | * Back pain <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Mayo" /> | ||
* Feeling full quickly while eating <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Medscape" /><ref name="Mayo" /> | * Feeling full quickly while eating <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Medscape" /><ref name="Mayo" /> | ||
* Painful urinination or frequent urges, constipation, or diarrhea <ref name="CDC">Ovarian Cancer. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/ovarian/index.htm. Updated June 17, 2013. Accessed March 12, 2014.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/ref&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref><ref name="Mayo" /> | * Painful urinination or frequent urges, constipation, or diarrhea <ref name="CDC">Ovarian Cancer. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/ovarian/index.htm. Updated June 17, 2013. Accessed March 12, 2014.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/ref&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;</ref><ref name="Mayo" /> | ||
* Indigestion and acid reflux <ref name="Medscape" /> | * Indigestion and acid reflux <ref name="Medscape" /> | ||
* Shortness of breath (SOB) <ref name="Medscape" /> | * Shortness of breath (SOB) <ref name="Medscape" /> | ||
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== Medications == | == Medications<br> == | ||
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== Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values == | |||
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== Etiology/Causes == | |||
Typically cancer begins when healthy cells acquire a genetic mutation that turns normal cells into abnormal cells. Healthy cells grow and multiply at a set rate, eventually dying at a set time. Unlike normal, healthy cells, cancerous cells grow and multiply at an abnomally high rate, and they don't die-off when they should. These abnormal cells come together to form a mass or tumor. Cancer cells invade nearby tissues and can break off from an initial tumor to spread elsewhere in the body which is called metastasizing. <ref name="Mayo" /> | |||
There is no way to know for sure if you will get ovarian cancer because the causes remain unclear. <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Mayo" /> Most women get ovarian cancer without being at high risk. However, several factors may increase a woman’s risk for ovarian cancer, including the following--<br> | |||
== | *Middle-aged or older <ref name="CDC" /> | ||
*Close family members (such as your mother, sister, aunt, or grandmother) on either your mother's or your father's side, who have had ovarian cancer <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Mayo" /> | |||
*Genetic mutation (abnormality) called BRCA1 or BRCA2, or one associated with Lynch syndrome <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Mayo" /> | |||
*History of breast, uterine, colorectal (colon), or cervical cancer, or melanoma. <ref name="CDC" /> | |||
*Eastern European (Ashkenazi) Jewish background <ref name="CDC" /> | |||
*Never given birth or have had trouble getting pregnant <ref name="CDC" /><ref name="Mayo" /> | |||
*Diagnosed with endometriosis <ref name="CDC" /><br> | |||
Although you may have one or more of the above risk factors, it does not mean you will get ovarian cancer. Speaking with your doctor about your risk is always in your best interest. <ref name="CDC" /> <br> | |||
Facts <br> All women are at risk <br> Symptoms exist - they can be vague, but increase over time <br> Early detection increases survival rate <br> A Pap test DOES NOT detect ovarian cancer <br> | |||
== Systemic Involvement == | == Systemic Involvement == | ||
Revision as of 01:56, 25 March 2014
Original Editors - Trisha Counce & Brandy Hirsch from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Top Contributors - Brandy Hirsch, Trisha Counce, Lucinda hampton, Aminat Abolade, Vidya Acharya, Elaine Lonnemann, WikiSysop, Kim Jackson, Wendy Walker, Rishika Babburu and 127.0.0.1
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
The term "ovarian cancer" encompasses several types of cancer that all arise from cells of the ovaries in the female reproductive system.[1] Ovarian cancer commonly manifests as three different types including epithelial (cells on the surface of the ovary), fallopian tube, and primary periotoneal (lining inside the abdomen). Epithelial ovarian cancer accounts for about 70% of all ovarian cancers, making it the most common type.[1] The four most common cell types of epithelial ovarian cancer are serous, mucinous, clear cell, and endometrioid. Of these cell types, serous is the most common variety.[1] Ovarian cancer is believed to occur due to changes in cell DNA. Unfortunately, ovarian cancer often goes undiagnosed until advanced stages of the disease when it is hardest to identify the initial source.
Prevalence and Incidence
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Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Epithelial ovarian cancer presents with a wide variety of vague and nonspecific symptoms.[3] Ovarian cancer may cause one or more of these signs and symptoms--
- Bloating, which is when the area below your stomach swells or feels full [3][4][5]
- Vaginal bleeding or discharge (not normal for individual) [4][3]
- Pain in the pelvic or abdominal area, abdominal distension or discomfort, abdominal mass [4][3]
- Back pain [4][5]
- Feeling full quickly while eating [4][3][5]
- Painful urinination or frequent urges, constipation, or diarrhea [4][5]
- Indigestion and acid reflux [3]
- Shortness of breath (SOB) [3]
- Weight Loss
- Persistent lack of energy [5]
Physical findings are uncommon in patients with early disease, but the more advanced the disease one may present with ovarian or pelvic mass, ascites, pleural effusion, or abdominal mass or bowel obstruction. [3] Pay attention to your body, and know what is normal for you. If you have vaginal bleedingand/or an abnormal menstral cycle that is not normal for you, see a physician right away. The key is early intervention so the earlier ovarian cancer is found and treated, the more likely treatment will be effective. [4]
Below is a symptom chart differentiating gynecological cancers
Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
Typically cancer begins when healthy cells acquire a genetic mutation that turns normal cells into abnormal cells. Healthy cells grow and multiply at a set rate, eventually dying at a set time. Unlike normal, healthy cells, cancerous cells grow and multiply at an abnomally high rate, and they don't die-off when they should. These abnormal cells come together to form a mass or tumor. Cancer cells invade nearby tissues and can break off from an initial tumor to spread elsewhere in the body which is called metastasizing. [5]
There is no way to know for sure if you will get ovarian cancer because the causes remain unclear. [4][5] Most women get ovarian cancer without being at high risk. However, several factors may increase a woman’s risk for ovarian cancer, including the following--
- Middle-aged or older [4]
- Close family members (such as your mother, sister, aunt, or grandmother) on either your mother's or your father's side, who have had ovarian cancer [4][5]
- Genetic mutation (abnormality) called BRCA1 or BRCA2, or one associated with Lynch syndrome [4][5]
- History of breast, uterine, colorectal (colon), or cervical cancer, or melanoma. [4]
- Eastern European (Ashkenazi) Jewish background [4]
- Never given birth or have had trouble getting pregnant [4][5]
- Diagnosed with endometriosis [4]
Although you may have one or more of the above risk factors, it does not mean you will get ovarian cancer. Speaking with your doctor about your risk is always in your best interest. [4]
Facts
All women are at risk
Symptoms exist - they can be vague, but increase over time
Early detection increases survival rate
A Pap test DOES NOT detect ovarian cancer
Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Green A. Ovarian Cancer (Cancer of the Ovaries). MedicineNet.com. http://www.medicinenet.com/ovarian_cancer/article.htm. Updated September 24, 2013. Accessed March 12, 2014.
- ↑ Medical Information. National Ovarian Cancer Coalition. http://ovarian.org/what_is_ovarian_cancer.php. Accessed March 12, 2014.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Green A. Ovarian Cancer. Medscape. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/255771-overview#a0101. Published 1994-2014. Updated March 10, 2014. Accessed March 12, 2014.
- ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 Ovarian Cancer. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/ovarian/index.htm. Updated June 17, 2013. Accessed March 12, 2014.&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/ref&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 Mayo Clinic Staff. Diseases and Conditions Ovarian Cancer. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ovarian-cancer/basics/definition/con-20028096. Published 1998-2014. Updated November 10, 2012. Accessed March 12, 2014.
