Posterior atlanto-axial ligament: Difference between revisions
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'''Original Editor '''- [[User: | '''Original Editor '''- [[User:Rachael Lowe|Rachael Lowe]] | ||
'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} | '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} | ||
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
<br> The posterior atlantoaxial ligament is a broad, thin membrane attached, above, to the lower border of the posterior arch of the atlas; below, to the upper edges of the lamina of the axis. It is a continuation of the [[Ligamentum flavum]], and is in relation, behind, with the obliqus capitis inferior muscle. <ref>Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Bartleby.com. Retrieved 2012-09-27.</ref>It is part of a ligament complex called Altantoaxial Ligament Complex (Axis). These four ligaments extend from the Atlas to the Axis: | |||
*[[Anterior atlanto-axial ligament|Anterior Atlantoaxial Ligament]] | |||
*Posterior Atlantoaxial Ligament | |||
*Lateral Ligaments (2) | |||
{| width="300" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" | |||
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| [[Image:Upper cervical ligaments.png|thumb|center]] | |||
| [[Image:Atlanto-occipital joint posterior.png|thumb|center]] | |||
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=== Attachments === | === Attachments === | ||
From lower border of atlantal arch (and more superiorly to the occipital bone) and upper borders of lamina of C2. | |||
== Function == | == Function == | ||
== Clinical | It contributes the stabilization of the atlanto-axial joint movement that overall allows 10-15° of flexion/extension and 30° of axial rotation. | ||
== Clinical Relevance == | |||
*Rupture | |||
:- In case of traumatic and non-traumatic atlanto-axial subluxation/dislocation the posterior atlantisaxis ligamente could suffer a rupture. <ref>Hall, Graham C et al. “Atlanto-Occipital Dislocation.” World Journal of Orthopedics 6.2 (2015): 236–243. PMC. Web. 25 Apr. 2017.</ref> | |||
*Atlantoaxial instability (AAI) | |||
:- Can originate in a congenital conditions, but in adults, it is primarily seen in the setting of acute trauma or degenerative changes due to the inflammatory pannus of [[Rheumatoid Arthritis|rheumatoid arthritis]] (RA). | |||
*Ossification | |||
:- The ossification of the posterior atlantoaxial membrane that led to the development of cervical myelopathy is rare. | |||
== Treatment == | |||
There is no record of specific treatment of the Atlantoaxial ligament complex. Hovewer, in case of AAI or rupture, the treatment should include the cervical stabilization management . Check this page about [[Cervical Instability|Cervical Instability]] for further information. | |||
== | == Resources == | ||
[https://www.spineuniverse.com/anatomy/ligaments Spine Universe]<br> | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
[[Anterior atlanto-axial ligament|Anterior Atlantoaxial Ligament]] | |||
[[Anterior atlanto-occipital ligament|Anterior Atlanto-occipital Ligament]] | |||
[[ | [[Atlantoaxial Osteoarthritis|Atlanto-axial osteoarthritis]] | ||
[[Posterior atlanto-occipital ligament|Posterior Atlanto-occipital Ligament]] | |||
[[ | [[Transverse Ligament of the Atlas|Transverse ligament of the atlas]] | ||
[[Sharp Purser Test|Sharp Purser Test]] | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /><br> | <references /> <br> | ||
[[Category:Anatomy]] | |||
[[Category:Ligaments]] | |||
[[Category:Cervical_Spine]] | |||
[[Category:Musculoskeletal/Orthopaedics]] | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Cervical Spine - Ligaments]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:48, 2 January 2021
Original Editor - Rachael Lowe
Top Contributors - Kim Jackson, Evan Thomas, Daniele Barilla, Admin, Rachael Lowe and WikiSysop
Description[edit | edit source]
The posterior atlantoaxial ligament is a broad, thin membrane attached, above, to the lower border of the posterior arch of the atlas; below, to the upper edges of the lamina of the axis. It is a continuation of the Ligamentum flavum, and is in relation, behind, with the obliqus capitis inferior muscle. [1]It is part of a ligament complex called Altantoaxial Ligament Complex (Axis). These four ligaments extend from the Atlas to the Axis:
- Anterior Atlantoaxial Ligament
- Posterior Atlantoaxial Ligament
- Lateral Ligaments (2)
Attachments[edit | edit source]
From lower border of atlantal arch (and more superiorly to the occipital bone) and upper borders of lamina of C2.
Function[edit | edit source]
It contributes the stabilization of the atlanto-axial joint movement that overall allows 10-15° of flexion/extension and 30° of axial rotation.
Clinical Relevance[edit | edit source]
- Rupture
- - In case of traumatic and non-traumatic atlanto-axial subluxation/dislocation the posterior atlantisaxis ligamente could suffer a rupture. [2]
- Atlantoaxial instability (AAI)
- - Can originate in a congenital conditions, but in adults, it is primarily seen in the setting of acute trauma or degenerative changes due to the inflammatory pannus of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
- Ossification
- - The ossification of the posterior atlantoaxial membrane that led to the development of cervical myelopathy is rare.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
There is no record of specific treatment of the Atlantoaxial ligament complex. Hovewer, in case of AAI or rupture, the treatment should include the cervical stabilization management . Check this page about Cervical Instability for further information.
Resources[edit | edit source]
See also[edit | edit source]
Anterior Atlantoaxial Ligament
Anterior Atlanto-occipital Ligament
Posterior Atlanto-occipital Ligament
Transverse ligament of the atlas
