...ohan Bellemans. Anatomy of the anterolateral ligament of the knee. Journal of Anatomy, 2013; 223 (4): 321</ref></div>
...o the origin of the lateral collateral ligament. Connecting fibers between the two structures have been observed.
2 KB (277 words) - 01:04, 29 August 2019
...pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35155104/ Isolated Meniscotibial Ligament Rupture: The Medial Meniscus "Belt Lesion".] Arthrosc Tech. 2022 Jan 13;11(2):e133-e138.
...ligaments. Available from: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/meniscotibial-ligaments<nowiki/>(Accessed on 21 Nov 2022)</ref>.
5 KB (694 words) - 12:43, 22 November 2022
...n the copyright on these images and request that they are not used outside of Physiopedia without special permission.
To use the pictures:
21 KB (3,064 words) - 18:47, 14 June 2021
[[File:Knee flex.jpeg|thumb|Knee Flexion]]
...-flexors (accessed 16.2.2022)</ref>. The hamstring muscles are the primary knee flexors. They play a key role in everyday movements, eg [[Running Biomechan
4 KB (532 words) - 05:49, 17 February 2022
...mainly used to analyse the patient's [[gait]] and assess the condition of the joints and bones.<ref name=":0" />
Client lying [[Cardinal Planes and Axes of Movement|supine]].
4 KB (513 words) - 05:44, 15 January 2022
...ral ligament and the posterolateral corner.] Insall & Scott Surgery of the Knee. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2012; 45: 592-60
</ref> It is one of 4 critical ligaments involved in stabilizing the [[Knee|knee joint.]]
7 KB (969 words) - 01:04, 29 August 2019
...ges and its associated complications, whereas in the paediatric age group, the underlying pathology may be congenital or growth-related pathology. It is a
== Common Knee Disorders in Children ==
4 KB (495 words) - 11:16, 16 November 2023
...ritical mechanism that play an important role in terminal extension of the knee.
* There is an observable rotation of the knee during flexion and extension.
6 KB (944 words) - 17:36, 17 January 2023
...ently under review and may not be up to date. Please come back soon to see the finished work! ({{REVISIONDAY}}/{{REVISIONMONTH}}/{{REVISIONYEAR}})
...for treating low Back Pain:] literature review with meta-analysis. journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2018 Jun;48(6):476-90.</ref>
3 KB (439 words) - 17:19, 29 February 2024
...s://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431095/ Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Knee] Injuries.4.6.2019 Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431
NB The MCL is also known as the tibial collateral ligament (see image)
11 KB (1,589 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
...een in hip, [[Flexion Deformity of the Knee|knee]] and [[Flexion Deformity of Elbow|elbow]] joint.[[File:Normal Posture Biomechanics.png|thumb|470x470px]
...hip flexion contractures with psoas recession through the middle window of the ilioinguinal approach. JBJS Essential Surgical Techniques. 2017 Sep 9;7(3).
6 KB (946 words) - 16:53, 20 November 2022
...weight bearing]] and stability of [[Gait|gait.]] An essential component of the lower [[Closed Chain Exercise|kinetic chain]].
...Category:Hip - Muscles|muscles of the hip]] and [[:Category:Knee - Muscles|knee]] that contribute to [[Walking - Muscles Used|walking]] and other propulsiv
7 KB (1,066 words) - 12:08, 19 December 2022
...on of the medial patellofemoral ligament: a systematic review of anatomy.] Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 2017 Dec 1;25(12):3755-72.</ref>
...astus medialis obliquus]] (VMO)<ref name=":1" />. It has an average length of 56mm.<ref name=":0" />
5 KB (730 words) - 19:21, 23 January 2023
...s of isolated anterior cruciate ligament rupture]. ''International Journal of Scientific Research''. 2020;9:1-2.</ref>
...oscopical and radiological corelation of lever sign test for the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament rupture]. ''Springerplus''. 2015 Dec 1;4(1):830.
3 KB (448 words) - 21:27, 31 January 2021
...rformed to identify the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The test is designed to assess single and sagittal plane instability.
| [[Image:Knee ligaments.png|thumb|center|250px|Knee Ligaments including ACL]]
7 KB (1,071 words) - 09:21, 4 February 2024
[[File:Shoulder bursa.jpg|357x357px|alt=|thumb|The shoulder joint has many ligaments]]
...mount of movement between your bones. The human body has approximately 900 ligaments.<ref>Southern hills medical centre [https://southernhillshospital.com/about
9 KB (1,336 words) - 06:40, 9 September 2022
.... Clinical evaluation of a dynamic test for lateral ankle ligament laxity. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2010 May;18(5):628-33. </ref>.<br>
[[File:Foot ligaments.png|alt=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid_ligament#/media/File:Gray354.
3 KB (395 words) - 15:10, 27 February 2021
...al tests can be used to assess FAI and the respective ligament involved in the acute [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Ankle_Sprain sprain] or [https://www.ph
'''Ligaments of the ankle'''
8 KB (1,224 words) - 10:30, 21 June 2021
...-5241.6.200112.xml The role of the iliofemoral ligament as a stabilizer of the hip joint.] EFORT Open Reviews. 2021 vol. 6(7), pp. 545-555. </ref>
...n extracapsular ligament, it is anatomically connected with the capsule of the hip joint.
5 KB (802 words) - 00:30, 5 June 2022
...tion, speed and tension. It is lined by the synovial fluid, which provides the nutrition and plays an integral part in healing.
...the anterior cruciate ligament: Management and outcome.” ''Indian journal of orthopaedics'' vol. 48,2 (2014): 197-202. doi:10.4103/0019-5413.128765</re
6 KB (794 words) - 20:12, 13 October 2020
...ent condition (HPC) (Was there trauma or was it insidious onset? Mechanism of Injury?)<br>
...n? (Is pain in a dermatomal region - pain in the knee can be referred from the back)
12 KB (1,651 words) - 11:13, 16 November 2023
...smosis in adults: a pictorial essay with a multimodality approach. Journal of anatomy. 2010 Dec 1;217(6):633-45.</ref> with slightly movement allowed.
...of injury, and clinical guidelines for diagnosis and intervention. Journal of Orthopaedic&Sports Physical Therapy. 2006 Jun;36(6):372-84.</ref>. 
8 KB (1,096 words) - 00:46, 7 March 2021
...Publishing.</ref> The medial meniscus is located on the medial portion of the tibial plateau.
...and-relevant-anatomical-relations-ACL-anterior Q320.jpeg|frame|<ref>Review of Meniscus Anatomy and Biomechanics - Scientific Figure on ResearchGate. Avai
9 KB (1,310 words) - 15:39, 7 May 2024
...rea of tenderness to the distal semimembranosus tendon or its insertion on the medial proximal tibia.<ref name=":0" />
...bursa under the tendon to smooth the movement of the tendons. It is often the bursa that will be ignited by excessive friction.
10 KB (1,384 words) - 10:30, 16 September 2019
...pivot shift test in acute and chronic knee injuries]. The American Journal of Sports Medicine 1986;14:88-91.fckLRhttp://ajs.sagepub.com/content/14/1/88.s
...ically, the anterior translation if less than 6mm. If it is more than 6mm, the test is considered positive.
6 KB (931 words) - 13:10, 1 October 2023
...en you walk, loss of range of movement and a feeling of instability in the knee.
The content on or accessible through Physiopedia is for [http://www.physio-pedi
11 KB (1,724 words) - 14:56, 16 March 2022
...[[fibula]] of the leg and the [[talus]] of the [[Foot Anatomy|foot]]. See the page for [[Ankle Joint|ankle joint]] for more information.
...of the strongest load-bearing structures known to mankind.<ref>The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Foot. Available from: https://www.britannica.com/
12 KB (1,693 words) - 09:30, 1 June 2022
...f the femoral shaft are uncommon and mostly occur at the proximal third of the femur<ref>Boden BP, Speer KP. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/articl
...[[Femur]] is the longest bone in the body and extends from the hip to the knee.
5 KB (682 words) - 20:30, 31 January 2021
...cCarthy|Sinead McCarthy]], [[User:Conor Mc Hugh|Conor McHugh]] (as part of the [[User:RCSI]] student project).
...ml [last accessed 28/5/9]</ref>. The test is performed in conjunction with the Apley's distraction test.
10 KB (1,382 words) - 19:03, 31 January 2021
..., prognostic indicators and outcome following surgical management. Journal of Trauma Management and Outcomes. 2007; 1:2</ref>
...b|300px|Type 1 Floating knee (Blake & McBryde classification)]] <ref name="knee" />
9 KB (1,405 words) - 15:42, 16 September 2019
...sup>(A2)</sup><ref name="2 (B)">Jakob RP., Staubli HU., Deland JT. Grading the pivot shift, objective tests with implications for treatment. VOL 69-B, No.
...natomy [[Image:Heleen fig1.jpg|right|350x250px|anatomical structure of the knee joint, fig 1]] ==
15 KB (2,396 words) - 08:48, 4 February 2024
...iginal Editors ''' - [[User:Gaëlle Vertriest|Gaëlle Vertriest]] as part of the [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universi
...ive Physical Examination for Instability of the Knee. The American journal of sports medicine. 2008 Mar 1;36(3):577-94.</ref>.
9 KB (1,404 words) - 13:52, 27 November 2023
The three [[Joint Classification|joints]] in the body (Histologically) are fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.
'''Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body (see image 1)'''. These joints are termed diarthroses, meaning they ar
12 KB (1,780 words) - 14:16, 16 March 2022
...iece of bone with it on injury). The image shows an example of a sprain of the ankle.
== Grades of Injury ==
9 KB (1,273 words) - 14:46, 24 November 2020
...represents an hourglass or bowtie shape. The ACL is a key structure in the knee joint, as it resists anterior tibial translation and internal rotational lo
...ilage and mineralized fibrocartilage<ref>Wheeless, C,R. Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics. [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/anatomy_of_acl http://ww
12 KB (1,746 words) - 16:10, 23 July 2023
[[File:Cruciate Ligaments.png|thumb|Cruciate ligaments]]
...B). The size of the femoral attachment of the ALB is nearly twice the size of its tibial attachment<ref name=":0">Logterman SL, Wydra FB, Frank RM. [http
10 KB (1,534 words) - 19:35, 31 October 2019
'''Original Editor '''- Africa Clubfoot Training Team as part of [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Clubfoot_Content_Development_Project ICRC and
...nced Clubfoot Treatment Provider Courses] - Participant Manual. University of Oxford: Africa Clubfoot Training Project, 2017.</ref>
8 KB (1,275 words) - 23:10, 20 February 2022
...thritis.’, International Journal of Rheumatic Disease 2011, 145-151 (Level of evidence: 1A)</ref>:
*Increase range of motion
9 KB (1,337 words) - 11:19, 16 November 2023
...ert Pierce]] as part of the [[Arkansas Colleges of Health Education School of Physical Therapy Musculoskeletal 1 Project]]
...al anatomy: Defining the popliteal hiatus, popliteomeniscal fascicles, and the lateral meniscotibial ligament. Am J Sports Med [Internet]. 2019;47(8):1797
11 KB (1,516 words) - 20:28, 21 August 2023
...n and Scientific Validity of Common Tests for Ankle Examination]. Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation. 2020 Jul 8:100072.</ref>.
'''Patient position:''' in a seated position, with knee hanging in 90 degrees, ankle relaxed.
2 KB (352 words) - 20:10, 3 March 2021
[[File:Foot ligaments.png|alt=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid_ligament#/media/File:Gray354.
...eolus. The plantar calcaneonavicular ligament can be considered as part of the medial ligament complex.
13 KB (1,956 words) - 19:41, 9 October 2020
...t (anterior and posterior views)|right|frameless|600x600px|Overview of the knee joint (anterior and posterior views)]]
...l joint, which mainly allows for flexion and extension (and a small degree of medial and lateral rotation). <ref name=":0">Chaurasia BD. [https://www.pdf
27 KB (3,969 words) - 11:03, 16 November 2023
...d the 'long head' (superficial) and the 'short head' (deep). It is part of the [[hamstrings]].<ref name="anatomytv">Primal Pictures. Available from:http:/
*Long head: ischial tuberosity<ref name="Netter">Netter FH. Atlas of Human Anatomy. Philadelphia: Elsevier,2014</ref>
10 KB (1,461 words) - 01:58, 23 March 2024
...h Thrust aka Posterior Shear)|posterior pelvic pain provocation test]] and the active straight leg raise test (ASLR) when a patient presents with lumbopel
...aard AL, Hammudoghlu D, Stoeckart R, Snijders CJ, Mens JM. The function of the long dorsal sacroiliac ligament: its implication for understanding low back
4 KB (595 words) - 21:31, 31 January 2021
...practical%20guide%20to%20management.&f=false The multiple ligament injured knee: A practical guide to management.] New York: Springer Science, 2004.</ref>
The [[Knee|knee joint]] is made up of articulations of the [[Femur|distal femur]], [[Tibia|proximal tibia]] and [[patella]].<ref name=
23 KB (3,193 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
...es. This ligament is integral maintaining flexibility and stability in the knee.
...ament ([[Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction|ACL]]). This type of injury is most common in
10 KB (1,398 words) - 12:22, 16 October 2023
...://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560847/ Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Knee Injuries]. StatPearls [Internet]. 2020 Aug 4.</ref>
...www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11046165 Lateral stabilizing structures of the knee: functional anatomy and injuries assessed with MR imaging.] Radiographics.
17 KB (2,559 words) - 16:44, 15 December 2022
...cuss the anatomy of the knee joint in detail and provide some examples of knee joint pathology.
...ior to superior. The rotation axes of the foot joints are perpendicular to the cardinal planes. Therefore, motion at these joints results in rotations wit
31 KB (4,601 words) - 11:28, 3 June 2023
...diagnostic aid in diseases of the knee. A preliminary report. The Journal of bone and joint surgery]. British volume. 1987 Mar;69(2):288-93.</ref>
...eliefs about the meaning of crepitus in patellofemoral pain and the impact of these beliefs on their behaviour: a qualitative study]. Musculoskeletal Sci
18 KB (2,709 words) - 11:22, 18 October 2023
...with McMurray’s test and joint line tenderness]. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 2004 Nov 1;20(9):951-8.</ref><br>
[[File:Ligaments of the knee joint superior aspect Primal.png|300x300px|alt=|thumb]]
10 KB (1,458 words) - 11:04, 22 January 2024
