International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF): Difference between revisions

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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a framework for describing functioning and disability in relation to a health condition. It provides a common language and framework for documenting information on the level of function and functional change of a person within their own environment, as opposed to classifying the person him or herself.(WCPT keynote). The&nbsp;World Confederation of Physical Therapy (WCPT) adopted a motion supporting the implementation of the ICF in physical therapy in 2003.<ref>Escorpizo R, Stucki G, Cieza A, Davis K, Stumbo T, Riddle DL. Creating an interface between the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and physical therapist practice. Phys Ther. 2010;90:1053-63.</ref>   
The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a framework for describing functioning and disability in relation to a health condition. It provides a common language and framework for documenting information on the level of function and functional change of a person within their own environment, as opposed to classifying the actual person e.g. according to a specific condition or disease.<ref name=":0">Sykes C. Health classifications 1 - An introduction to the ICF. WCPT Keynotes. World Confederation for Physical Therapy. 2006. </ref> (WCPT keynote). The&nbsp;World Confederation of Physical Therapy (WCPT) adopted a motion supporting the implementation of the ICF in physical therapy in 2003.<ref>Escorpizo R, Stucki G, Cieza A, Davis K, Stumbo T, Riddle DL. Creating an interface between the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and physical therapist practice. Phys Ther. 2010;90:1053-63.</ref>   


The ICF is a framework to approach patient care that shifts the conceptual emphasis away from negative connotations such as disability and places focus on the positive abilities of the individual at the patient level rather than the systems level.     
The ICF is a framework to approach patient care that shifts the conceptual emphasis away from negative connotations such as disability and places focus on the positive abilities of the individual at the patient level rather than the systems level.     


== Components of the ICF ==
== Components of the ICF ==
The ICF focuses on three components: body, activities/participation (at individual and societal levels) and contextual (personal and environmental).(keynote 1) These three components underscore the importance of the interplay and influence of both internal and external factors to each individual’s health status.
The ICF focuses on three components: body, activities/participation (at individual and societal levels) and contextual (personal and environmental).<ref name=":0" /> These three components underscore the importance of the interplay and influence of both internal and external factors to each individual’s health status.


=== Body Functions and Structures ===
=== Body Functions and Structures ===
Definitions:
Definitions:<ref name=":1">[https://www.wcpt.org/sites/wcpt.org/files/files/GH-ICF_overview_FINAL_for_WHO.pdf The ICF: An Overview. Available at: https://www.wcpt.org/sites/wcpt.org/files/files/GH-ICF_overview_FINAL_for_WHO.pdf]</ref>
* Body functions: The physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions) (ICF overview doc https://www.wcpt.org/sites/wcpt.org/files/files/GH-ICF_overview_FINAL_for_WHO.pdf)
* Body functions: The physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions)  


* Body structures: Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components (ICF overview doc)
* Body structures: Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components  
* Impairments: Problems in body function and structure such as significant deviation or loss
* Impairments: Problems in body function and structure such as significant deviation or loss


=== Activities and Participation ===
=== Activities and Participation ===


Definitions:
Definitions:<ref name=":1" />
* Activity: The execution of a task or action by an individual  
* Activity: The execution of a task or action by an individual  
* Activity limitations: Difficulties an individual may have in executing activities  
* Activity limitations: Difficulties an individual may have in executing activities  
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=== Environmental Factors ===
=== Environmental Factors ===
Definition: The physical, social and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives. These are either barriers to or facilitators of the person's functioning  
Definition:<ref name=":1" /> The physical, social and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives. These are either barriers to or facilitators of the person's functioning.


<nowiki>***</nowiki>image***
<nowiki>***</nowiki>image***


<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note that Personal Factors are also included in this model but are not classified in the actual ICF (***)
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Note that Personal Factors are also included in this model but are not classified within the actual ICF.<ref name=":0" />


== Contents of ICF Components ==
== Contents of ICF Components ==
Each component is divided into a hierarchy with an additional digit added to the classification code for each subsequent layer in the hierarchy. The hierarchy is as follows;  
Each component is divided into a hierarchy with an additional digit added to the classification code for each subsequent layer in the hierarchy. The hierarchy is as follows;<ref name=":0" />
* Component e.g. ''Activities and participation''   
* Component e.g. ''Activities and participation''   
* Chapter e.g. ''Mobility (Chapter 4)''  
* Chapter e.g. ''Mobility (Chapter 4)''  
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== Core Sets ==
== Core Sets ==
The [http://www.icf-research-branch.org/download/viewcategory/5.html ICF Core Sets] were developed as a practical tool to facilitate the systematic and comprehensive description of functioning in clinical practice.<ref>Kesselring J, Coenen M, Cieza A, Thompson A, Kostanjsek N, Stucki G. Developing the ICF Core Sets for multiple sclerosis to specify functioning. Mult Scler. 2008;14:252-4.</ref><ref>Rauch A, Cieza A, Stucki G. How to apply the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for rehabilitation management in clinical practice. Eur J Phys Rehabil. 2008;44(3):329-42.</ref> Twelve chronic diseases were the focus of the development of these core sets because of their prevalence and the significant impact on function they can cause.(WCPT keynote 2) These twelve diseases are;(WCPT keynote 2)
The [http://www.icf-research-branch.org/download/viewcategory/5.html ICF Core Sets] were developed as a practical tool to facilitate the systematic and comprehensive description of functioning in clinical practice.<ref>Kesselring J, Coenen M, Cieza A, Thompson A, Kostanjsek N, Stucki G. Developing the ICF Core Sets for multiple sclerosis to specify functioning. Mult Scler. 2008;14:252-4.</ref><ref>Rauch A, Cieza A, Stucki G. How to apply the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for rehabilitation management in clinical practice. Eur J Phys Rehabil. 2008;44(3):329-42.</ref> Twelve chronic diseases were the initial focus of the development of these core sets because of their prevalence and the significant impact on function they can cause.<ref name=":2">Sykes C. Health classifications 2 - Using the ICF in clinical practice. WCPT Keynotes. World Confederation for Physical Therapy. 2007.</ref> These twelve diseases are;<ref name=":2" />
* Breast Cancer
* [[Breast Cancer]]
* Chronic Ischaemic Heart Disease  
* Chronic Ischaemic Heart Disease  
* Chronic Widespread Pain  
* [[Chronic Pain|Chronic Widespread Pain]]
* Depression
* [[Depression]]
* Diabetes Mellitus  
* [[Diabetes Mellitus Type 2|Diabetes Mellitus]]
* Low Back Pain
* [[Low Back Pain]]
* Obesity
* [[Obesity]]
* Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
* [[COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)|Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases]]
* Osteoarthritis  
* [[Osteoarthritis]]
* Osteoporosis  
* [[Osteoporosis]]
* Rheumatoid Arthritis  
* [[Rheumatoid Arthritis]]
* Stroke  
* [[Stroke]]
 
Additional Core Sets have subsequently been developed for various other conditions and populations including;
* [[Ankylosing Spondylitis]] 
* [[MS Multiple Sclerosis|Multiple Sclerosis]]
* [[Cerebral Palsy Introduction|Cerebral Palsy]]
* [[Spinal Cord Injury]]
* [[Traumatic Brain Injury]]
* Neurological conditions in acute and post-acute care
* Musculoskeletal conditions in acute and post-acute care
* Geriatric patients in post-acute care
* Head and neck cancer
* Acute arthritis


== Measurement ==
== Measurement ==

Revision as of 04:39, 31 May 2018

Introduction[edit | edit source]

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a framework for describing functioning and disability in relation to a health condition. It provides a common language and framework for documenting information on the level of function and functional change of a person within their own environment, as opposed to classifying the actual person e.g. according to a specific condition or disease.[1] (WCPT keynote). The World Confederation of Physical Therapy (WCPT) adopted a motion supporting the implementation of the ICF in physical therapy in 2003.[2]

The ICF is a framework to approach patient care that shifts the conceptual emphasis away from negative connotations such as disability and places focus on the positive abilities of the individual at the patient level rather than the systems level.

Components of the ICF[edit | edit source]

The ICF focuses on three components: body, activities/participation (at individual and societal levels) and contextual (personal and environmental).[1] These three components underscore the importance of the interplay and influence of both internal and external factors to each individual’s health status.

Body Functions and Structures[edit | edit source]

Definitions:[3]

  • Body functions: The physiological functions of body systems (including psychological functions)
  • Body structures: Anatomical parts of the body such as organs, limbs and their components
  • Impairments: Problems in body function and structure such as significant deviation or loss

Activities and Participation[edit | edit source]

Definitions:[3]

  • Activity: The execution of a task or action by an individual
  • Activity limitations: Difficulties an individual may have in executing activities
  • Participation: Involvement in a life situation
  • Participation restrictions: Problems an individual may experience in involvement in life situations

Environmental Factors[edit | edit source]

Definition:[3] The physical, social and attitudinal environment in which people live and conduct their lives. These are either barriers to or facilitators of the person's functioning.

***image***

*Note that Personal Factors are also included in this model but are not classified within the actual ICF.[1]

Contents of ICF Components[edit | edit source]

Each component is divided into a hierarchy with an additional digit added to the classification code for each subsequent layer in the hierarchy. The hierarchy is as follows;[1]

  • Component e.g. Activities and participation
  • Chapter e.g. Mobility (Chapter 4)
  • Block e.g. Walking and Moving (d450-d469)
  • Two level category e.g. Moving around in different locations (d460)
  • Three level category e.g. Moving around within the home (d4600)

Core Sets[edit | edit source]

The ICF Core Sets were developed as a practical tool to facilitate the systematic and comprehensive description of functioning in clinical practice.[4][5] Twelve chronic diseases were the initial focus of the development of these core sets because of their prevalence and the significant impact on function they can cause.[6] These twelve diseases are;[6]

Additional Core Sets have subsequently been developed for various other conditions and populations including;

Measurement[edit | edit source]

Resources[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Sykes C. Health classifications 1 - An introduction to the ICF. WCPT Keynotes. World Confederation for Physical Therapy. 2006.
  2. ↑ Escorpizo R, Stucki G, Cieza A, Davis K, Stumbo T, Riddle DL. Creating an interface between the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and physical therapist practice. Phys Ther. 2010;90:1053-63.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 The ICF: An Overview. Available at: https://www.wcpt.org/sites/wcpt.org/files/files/GH-ICF_overview_FINAL_for_WHO.pdf
  4. ↑ Kesselring J, Coenen M, Cieza A, Thompson A, Kostanjsek N, Stucki G. Developing the ICF Core Sets for multiple sclerosis to specify functioning. Mult Scler. 2008;14:252-4.
  5. ↑ Rauch A, Cieza A, Stucki G. How to apply the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) for rehabilitation management in clinical practice. Eur J Phys Rehabil. 2008;44(3):329-42.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Sykes C. Health classifications 2 - Using the ICF in clinical practice. WCPT Keynotes. World Confederation for Physical Therapy. 2007.



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