Paraspinal Muscles: Difference between revisions
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# [[iliocostalis]] | # [[iliocostalis]] | ||
# [[Transversospinales|transversospinalis]] group (deep layer) | # [[Transversospinales|transversospinalis]] group (deep layer) | ||
#* [[Multifidus Muscle|Multifidus]] group | #*[[Multifidus Muscle|Multifidus]] group | ||
#* [[Rotatores Muscles|Rotatores]] group<ref name=":0">Crush back pain Paraspinal muscles Available: https://crushbackpain.com/glossary/paraspinal-muscles/<nowiki/>(accessed 15.2.2022)</ref><ref>Radiopedia paraspinal muscles Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/paraspinal-muscles<nowiki/>(accessed 15.2.2022)</ref> | #* [[Rotatores Muscles|Rotatores]] group<ref name=":0">Crush back pain Paraspinal muscles Available: https://crushbackpain.com/glossary/paraspinal-muscles/<nowiki/>(accessed 15.2.2022)</ref><ref>Radiopedia paraspinal muscles Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/paraspinal-muscles<nowiki/>(accessed 15.2.2022)</ref> | ||
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These parspinal muscles can be injured directly eg a pulled back muscle or muscle back strain of the back muscles. The muscles can also cause problems indirectly eg muscles spasm after injury to other parts of the spine, usually occuring as a reflex following a disc, ligaments, or muscles injury; slumped seating position for extended periods (see [[Lower Crossed Syndrome|lower crossed syndrome)]]. There has been great research interest in using the cross-sectional area of these muscles as part of assessing cases of low/lumbar back pain. | These parspinal muscles can be injured directly eg a pulled back muscle or muscle back strain of the back muscles. The muscles can also cause problems indirectly eg muscles spasm after injury to other parts of the spine, usually occuring as a reflex following a disc, ligaments, or muscles injury; slumped seating position for extended periods (see [[Lower Crossed Syndrome|lower crossed syndrome)]]. There has been great research interest in using the cross-sectional area of these muscles as part of assessing cases of low/lumbar back pain. | ||
Treratment: As the paraspinals function to stabilize the lower back [[Core Stability|core stability]] training and back exercises are effective in strengthening these muscles.<ref name=":0" /> | Treratment: As the paraspinals function to stabilize the lower back [[Core Stability|core stability]] training and [[Back Exercises|back exercises]] are effective in strengthening these muscles.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Muscles]] | |||
[[Category:Sports Medicine]] | |||
[[Category:Anatomy]] | |||
Revision as of 02:27, 15 February 2022
Original Editor - Lucinda hampton
Top Contributors - Lucinda hampton, Lucy Aird and Kim Jackson
Introduction[edit | edit source]
The majority of the vertebral column movements are produced by an extensive set of muscles, that run all the way along the back of the spine. They’re known collectively as the paraspinal muscles.
The highest of them are attached to the base of the skull, the lowest ones originate from the sacrum and iliac crest, some in between are attached to the backs of the ribs, and many are attached to the transverse and spinous processes of the vertebrae[1].
They paraspinal muscles support the spine and are the motor for movement of the spine. The paraspinal muscles are also a component of the core muscles. Specific paraspinal muscles undergoing atrophy (sarcopenia) and fatty infiltration in patients with acute and chronic LBP on the symptomatic side. The cross sectional area of the multifidus muscle in particular decreases in size on the symptomatic side in patients with chronic unilateral LBP[2].
Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The muscles are usually considered to include:
Psoas major muscles
Quadratus lumborum muscles
Erector spinae group (intermediate layer)
- longissimus
- iliocostalis
- transversospinalis group (deep layer)
- Multifidus group
- Rotatores group[3][4]
Physiotherapy[edit | edit source]
The paraspinal muscles are extremely important as they help maintains proper posture and protects the spinal segments. They also are crucial to most athletic endeavours because almost all athletic movements utilise these muscles to some extent.
These parspinal muscles can be injured directly eg a pulled back muscle or muscle back strain of the back muscles. The muscles can also cause problems indirectly eg muscles spasm after injury to other parts of the spine, usually occuring as a reflex following a disc, ligaments, or muscles injury; slumped seating position for extended periods (see lower crossed syndrome). There has been great research interest in using the cross-sectional area of these muscles as part of assessing cases of low/lumbar back pain.
Treratment: As the paraspinals function to stabilize the lower back core stability training and back exercises are effective in strengthening these muscles.[3]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Acland Anatomy Paravertebral muscles Available:https://aclandanatomy.com/MultimediaPlayer.aspx?multimediaid=10528249 (accessed 15.2.2022)
- ↑ Wan Q, Lin C, Li X, Zeng W, Ma C. MRI assessment of paraspinal muscles in patients with acute and chronic unilateral low back pain. The British journal of radiology. 2015 Sep;88(1053):20140546. Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4743557/ (accessed 15.2.2022)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Crush back pain Paraspinal muscles Available: https://crushbackpain.com/glossary/paraspinal-muscles/(accessed 15.2.2022)
- ↑ Radiopedia paraspinal muscles Available: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/paraspinal-muscles(accessed 15.2.2022)
