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The '''extensor hoods''' are triangular aponeuroses by which the extensor tendons insert onto the phalanges. [[File:Extensor Hood.jpg|right|frameless|225x225px]]

[[File:Extensor Hood.jpg|thumb]] [[Extensor Hood Mechanism Hand|Extensor hood]] rupture is a rare injury associated with boxing and other profession

...cis brevis (EPB) and abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendons into the first extensor compartment was responsible for the findings observed in his now eponymous ...s muscle (highlighted in green) - posterior view|right|frameless|500x500px|Extensor pollicis brevis muscle (highlighted in green) - posterior view]]

...l of Hand Surgery (European Volume). 2019 Oct;44(8):825-32.</ref> It is an extensor tendon injury over zone III. It is also referred to as a "buttonhole deform [[File:Extensor digitorum muscle.png|thumb|458x458px]]

...ghegan L, Wormald JC, Adami RZ, Rodrigues JN. Central slip extensor tendon injuries: a systematic review of treatments. Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volum ...l interphalangeal joint (DIP) is hyperextended.<ref name=":12" /> It is an extensor tendon injury over zone III. It is also referred to as a "buttonhole deform

...tensor avulsion fractures or [[Extensor Tendon Injuries of the Hand|distal extensor tendon ruptures]]. Either one results in an inability to extend the distal Mallet finger injuries are<ref name=":0" />:

...ref name=":0">Campbell D, Campbell R, O’Connor P, Hawkes R. Sports-related extensor carpi ulnaris pathology: a review of functional anatomy, sports injury and ...ifically is limited<ref>Rettig AC, Ryan RO, Stone JA. Epidemiology of hand injuries in sports. In PA: WB Saunders; 1992.</ref>.

...is a loss of extension at the distal phalanx or tightening of the extensor mechanism at the proximal phalanx,both intrinsic and extrinsic, at the PIP joint.<ref ...extended, or by weakening at the DIP from chronic inflammation as well as extensor tendon subluxation due to an inflammatory disease most commonly [[Rheumatoi

...les]].<ref name=":1" /> Patella fractures make up about 1% of all skeletal injuries and are found in all age groups.<ref>Crowther M., Mandal A., Sarangi P. [ht ...mechanism as a whole plays a major role in patella fractures. The extensor mechanism consists of the quadriceps, quadriceps tendon, retinaculum, patella tendon,

| '''Mechanism of injury''' | Lateral elbow (over extensor carpi radialis brevis)

* Insertion point for triceps, thus plays important role in extensor mechanism of the elbow.<ref name="Medical">Meeusen R. Elleboogletsels in Sportrevalid === Mechanism of injury ===

* Mechanism of the injury - How the injury occurred and what was the cause e.g. fall on * [[Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Injuries|TFCC]]

...t.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0736467902007199 Disruption of the extensor mechanism of the knee.] The Journal of emergency medicine. 2003 Feb 1;24(2):163-8.</r ...xam, decreased ROM of the knee due to pain and disruption of the extensor mechanism is an indication. There will be a loss of active knee extension, which is t

[[Image:Extensor retinaculum of hand Primal.png|thumb|right|300px|Courtesy of Primal Picture An extensor tendon injury is a cut or tear to one of the extensor tendons. Due to this injury, there is an inability to fully and forcefully

...y. 2003 Mar 1;28(2):279-87.</ref> showed a 13-15% force reduction of the [[Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis]] origin with the counterforce brace. Wrist splints reduces tension and load at the extensor origin, thus promoting tendon repair.

...eight should be transmitted through the upper limbs. Management of overuse injuries in cycling generally involves [[Bike Fit]] adjustments as well as medical m == Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process ==

...gories of injuries: MTPJ (great toe) and second through fifth (lesser toe) injuries.<ref name=":0">Gyftopoulos S, Woertler K. Ankle and foot. Musculoskeletal D ...ds and prevents them from dropping.<ref name=":2">Simpson H. Plantar Plate Injuries Course. Plus 2022</ref><ref name=":1" /> ''The plantar plates of the lesser

...dancers may be higher, accounting for up to 17% of reported foot and ankle injuries in this population.<ref name=":1">Marshall P, Hamilton WG. Cuboid subluxati == Mechanism of Injury ==

...rm that describes clinical conditions of tendons that arise from [[Overuse Injuries in Sport |overuse]]<ref name=":0" />. It can be further classified as tendi ...ers to the development of Achilles Tendinopathy<ref name=":0" />. The main mechanism that is thought to contribute to the development of Achilles Tendinopathy i

...le for movement and the primary cause of [[Ankle and Foot|ankle and foot]] injuries is when a movement is performed excessively, repetitively, and for a long d * tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus invert the foot during dorsiflexion

...e severity of tendon damage. Minor tendon tears may have minimal impact on extensor function, while complete tendon tears may totally impede lower leg extensio ...0.68/100,000 for [[Patellar tendon tear|patellar tendon tears]]. Extensor mechanism ruptures are most common unilaterally. <ref name=":3" />Partial and comple

...fth metacarpal neck also known as Boxers Fracture, named after the classic mechanism of injury in which direct trauma is applied to a clenched fist or fall dire ...chanism or a direct blow to the hand while geriatric females sustain these injuries secondary to a low energy fall. The incidence rate of fracture seen in ass

...Divisions. The anterior/posterior divisions innervate flexor groups versus extensor groups: <ref name="Dutton" /><ref name="Slide" /> ...Triceps]] brachii, [[Supinator]], Anconeus, the [[Quadriceps Muscle Strain|extensor]] muscles of the Forearm, and [[Brachioradialis]]

* The mechanisms of these injuries vary from axial loading forces to direct blows to the dorsal hand<ref>Thoma ...e cartilage, joint capsule, ligaments, [[fascia]], and the [[Extensor Hood Mechanism Hand|dorsal hood]] fibers.

* History of previous injuries or current injuries ...ainbow MJ. The extensibility of the plantar fascia influences the windlass mechanism during human running. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 2021 Jan 27;288(1

...e Ortopedia (English Edition). 2012 Jul 1;47(4):414-20.</ref>. Majority of injuries take place in manual labor activities involving the repetitive movement of == '''Pathology/ Mechanism of Injury''' ==

...or pollicis longus,]] extensor pollicis longus, [[Extensor Pollicis Brevis|extensor pollicis brevis]], and the adductor pollicus brevis, which remain attached <br>Other common injuries involving the first metacarpal include Rolando fractures, extra-articular f

....Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545182/</ref>. These injuries can affect the proximal, middle, or distal phalanx. In most cases of phalan ...e distal phalanx, the distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) is surrounded by extensor and flexor tendons, the volar plate, and collateral ligaments. The flexor d

...iomechanics of the Wrist and Hand]. In: Doral M., Karlsson J. (eds) Sports Injuries. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg Available from:https://link.springer.com/refe |Extensor carpi radialis longus

...of injury is a direct blow to the quadriceps causing significant [[Muscle Injuries|muscle damage]]. Contusions cause rupture to the [[Muscle Cells (Myocyte)|m ...|Myonecrosis]] and hematoma forms followed by scar formation then [[Muscle Injuries: Regeneration Strategies|muscle regeneration]]

...ty.<ref name=":2" /> The condition occurs secondary to repetitive extensor mechanism stress activities such as jumping and sprinting, as well as during sporting ...oor flexibility of quadriceps and hamstrings or other evidence of extensor mechanism misalignment<ref>Midtiby SL, Wedderkopp N, Larsen RT, Carlsen AF, Mavridis

...7 Nov;45(13):3143-3148.</ref>. For the nonoperative management for the UCL injuries, such as the rehabilitation, the anatomic and biomechanical understanding o ...="Chumbley">Chumbley E. O'Connor F, Nirschl R. Evaluation of Overuse Elbow Injuries. American Family Physician. Feb 2000. Available at http://www.aafp.org/afp/

[[Hamate]] fractures are rare and underreported. These injuries are usually misdiagnosed or confused with simple [[Wrist Sprain|wrist spra Hamate fractures are uncommon hand injuries and account for 2 to 4% of carpal fractures. Hamate fractures (hook and bod

...2rtXqYV3G osteochondrosis] and traction epiphysitis affecting the extensor mechanism of the knee which disturbs the patella tendon attachment to the inferior po ...n and muscles, patella, patellar ligament and the supporting retinaculum.  Injuries can occur from direct trauma, overuse, degenerative disease.  The most com

Mechanism of Injury: </ref> causing a volar displacement of the distal radius. The mechanism of injury includes:

...Srijit D, Norzana AG. [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/96113838.pdf Ankle Injuries in Sports: Anatomical Considerations and Clinical Implications.]</ref><ref ## Extensor hallucis longus

...uring sport activities.<ref name=":1">Brukner P. Clinical sports medicine: Injuries. McGraw-Hill Education (Australia) Pty Limited; 2017.</ref> Mechanics is a ...injury. Some examples of the relationship between technique and associated injuries are listed in the table below.

...name="“Patel”">Patel S, Potty A, Taylor EJ, Sorene ED. Collateral ligament injuries of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb: a treatment algorithm. Strat * [[Extensor Pollicis Brevis|Extensor pollicis brevis]]

...o an outstretched hand (FOOSH).<ref name="Hart" />&nbsp;In addition, these injuries occur predominantly in the younger population because their bodies are stil Medial epicondyle fractures make up 11-20% of all injuries of the elbow in children with 30-55% of cases associated with a dislocation

The quadriceps femoris is a hip flexor and a knee extensor. It consists of four individual muscles; three vastus muscles and the rectu ...observation, palpation, strength testing, and evaluation of motion. Strain injuries of the quadriceps may present with an obvious deformity such as a bulge or

* Tendons and Ligament Injuries ...out and any worsening of the gait noted. Difficult to isolate due to stay mechanism. Flexion tests involve putting joint and surrounding soft tissues under str

...'' The [[Quadriceps Muscle|Quadriceps femoris]] is a hip flexor and a knee extensor. It is located in the anterior compartment of the thigh. See link for more Quadriceps injuries are common injuries in athletes with the muscle prone to muscle strains in situations requiring

...s, healing stages, clinically relevant anatomy and rehabilitation of these injuries is necessary for a satisfactory outcome in the patient with a flexor tendon ...video below outlines the key features of flexor [[Tendon Anatomy|tendon]] injuries treatment and anatomy.

...to this sport with a parallel increase in the occurrence of sport-related injuries on both the natural rock and artificial walls. It emphasizes on physical an ...juries.5.aspx?context=LatestArticles Comprehensive Review of Rock Climbing Injuries], Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons: June 15, 2020 -

...natomy of the ankle is essential for the diagnosis and treatment of common injuries. Chronic ankle pain, acute and chronic sprains, fractures, tears and inflam [[Capsular Constraint Mechanism|Capsule]]: one of the characteristics of the synovial joints. It is a fibro

...us conditions such as musculoskeletal pain, hallux valgus, ankle inversion injuries, and [[osteoarthritis]]. There can also be deviations in foot and [[Ankle J * Doubling of the knee extensor moment peak in the first half of stance phase, likely due to the increased

...balance and movement control, sudden turns, and high-impact sports-related injuries. Therefore, rehabilitation after the repair is important to improve pain, r ...for regeneration. Biomaterials. 2011 Oct 1;32(30):7411-31.</ref> Meniscus injuries are the most common result of wear and tear of the knee due to lack of stab

Finger dislocation is a common [[Hand and Wrist Sports Injuries|hand]] injury that can occur at the proximal interphalangeal (PIP), distal ...ortsmed.theclinics.com/article/S0278-5919(14)00082-9/abstract Finger joint injuries]. Clinics in sports medicine. 2015 Jan 1;34(1):99-116.</ref>

...lley for the quadriceps muscle. It increases the lever arm of the extensor mechanism allowing for more effective knee flexion and thus increases quadriceps stre ...femoral groove. It mostly occurs laterally and comprises around 3% of knee injuries. [[Patellar dislocation|Patellar dislocations]] are more common in sports s

...ured patient education for the management of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries of the extremities: a systematic review by the Ontario Protocol for Traffic ...degenerative condition characterized by increased thickness in the common extensor tendon<ref name=":4">Manickaraj N, Bisset LM, Kavanagh JJ. Lateral epicondy