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...m the patient’s initial physiotherapy assessment, and additional findings 6-weeks after beginning physiotherapy treatment. Moreover, potential physiothe ...ciation. What is ALS?. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDpN-6EAd3k [last accessed 5/10/2021]</ref>

...o N, Hewett TE. [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40798-022-00488-x Anterior knee pain: state of the art]. Sports Med Open. 2022 Jul 30;8(1):9 ...|tibiofemoral joint]] is where the femur meets the tibia. It includes intra-articular structures such as the menisci and cruciate ligaments (anterior cr

[[File:Bianca-jordan-IPjWtxPJUQc-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless]] ...n normal subjects. American Journal of Roentgenology. 1980 May 1;134(5):979-83.</ref>

...on type of cancer in men after skin cancer and is the second leading cancer-related cause of death in men. * It is slow-growing and affects one-third of all males by the age of 50<ref name="goodman">Goodman C, Synder T.

...lable from: https://royalpapworth.nhs.uk/our-services/theatres-and-critical-care/ecmo#:~:text=ECMO%20is%20a%20highly%20specialised,trained%20nurses%20an It is important to understand that ECMO is a supportive therapy, not a disease-modifying treatment.<ref>Horan M. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and me

...mically advantageous assistive device. Applied ergonomics. 2017 Apr 1;60:22-9.</ref> Positioning can be achieved either; ...ns with primary healthcare providers. BMC Family Practice. 2018 Dec;19(1):1-9.</ref>

...://library.down-syndrome.org/en-gb/news-update/02/4/movement-abilities-down-syndrome/ (accessed18 March 2018).</ref> ...File:DS Motor Skills.png|center|frameless|623x623px|link=https://www.physio-pedia.com/File:DS_Motor_Skills.png]]

...ve lumbar spinal stenosis (update). The Spine Journal. 2013 Jul 1;13(7):734-43.</ref> * can cause radiating pain and numbness to the buttock, thigh, or leg particularly during walking or standing for a long time. The pain reduces u

...ment reconstruction]. Journal of experimental orthopaedics. 2022 Dec;9(1):1-2.</ref> ...rior Cruciate Ligament Injury. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/90514-overview (accessed 20/08/2018).</ref>

...erico, et al. "Non-specific low back pain." The Lancet 379.9814 (2012): 482-491. Level of evidence 1A</ref> ...d subchronic low back trouble. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1995 Mar 15;20(6):722-8.Level of evidence 3C</ref>

...hts.ovid.com/neurology/neur/1997/05/000/magnetic-resonance-imaging-brachial-plexus/12/00006114</nowiki></ref>. [[File:Screenshot 2018-05-08 19.43.57.png|thumb|338x338px|none]]

..., Shaw GM. Spina bifida. Nature reviews Disease primers. 2015 Apr 30;1(1):1-8.</ref> ...acid food fortification in Canada]. The Lancet. 2002 Dec 21;360(9350):2047-8.</ref>.<br>{{#ev:youtube|jlDZA2PNW2o}}<ref>YouTube.Osmosis Spina bifida (m

...cular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive genetic condition which affects the muscles, causing muscle weakness. It is a serious condition which starts in early c ...onditions/?gclid=CjwKEAjwpYeqBRDOwq2DrLCB-UcSJAASIYLjj2w3LQ3hI43XFhdWOw7wXT-6OFurebTSskU9ckZCdhoCZwfw_wcB (Accessed 28 April 2009)</ref>.

'''Original Editor ''' -[https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Yuka_Abe Yuka Abe,] ...m|Courtney Lim]], [[User:Jocelyn Chung|Jocelyn Chung]], [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Naiya_Patel Naiya Patel], [[User:Sydney Trinh|Sydney Trinh]]

...mined in collaboration with Mr. L to focus on achieving short-term and long-term goals based on his chief concerns and treatment expectations. Intervent ...multiple system atrophy.] European Journal of Neurology. 2002 May;9(3):195-9.</ref>

...ryguidelines.org/concussion/fileadmin/media/adult-concussion-guidelines-3rd-edition.pdf (Accessed 7 May 2019).</ref> – make diagnosis and treatment mo ...9)</ref>. As the literature has developed, it has become recognized that 10-30% of mild head trauma may result in symptoms that last for months to years

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/tracy-prowse/ Tracy Prowse]<br> ...and burnout in child and adolescent athletes]. Pediatrics. 2007;119(6):1242-5.</ref>{{#ev:youtube|Igl_StgXx9g}}<ref>Wall Street Journal. How Children an

...rs must be able to recognise these differences. This article explores multi-system characteristics, impairments, and interventions for children, adolesc ...living, and sport: a systematic review. J Occup Rehabil. 2005 Jun;15(2):253-72. </ref> The following questionnaires are recommended:<ref name=":1" />

* Sub-acute low back pain: 7-12 weeks ...revention in low back pain.] Eur Spine J. 2006 Mar;15 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S136-68. </ref>

...Individuals with poor posture (Lewitt, 1980), scapular dyskinesis (Clifton-Smith & Rowley, 2011), low back pain (LBP) and neck pain have also been show ...pathology and non-specific breathing pattern disorders. Furthermore, a case-control study (Roussel et al, 2009) observing patients with chronic LBP foun

...rebral-palsy/severity-of-cerebral-palsy/gross-motor-function-classification-system/</nowiki> (accessed 10 May 2020).</ref>. ...ith CP experience a decline in walking ability and function despite that 70-80% walk independently or with gait aids. Maintenance of walking ability is

...tin, Callie Eaves, Dan Purdy, and Lauren Willis from the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Pathophysiology_of_Complex_Patient_Problems Bellarmine University ...Back Pain. http://www.lymphomainfo.net/articles/lymphoma/lymphoma-and-back-pain. Accessed March 27, 2015.</ref><br>

.../www.slideshare.net/shilpa_prajapati/facilitatory-and-inhibitory-techniques-new Fast brushing, using a battery-operated brush on the skin overlying the muscle, is a therapeutic technique

...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/wendy-oelofse/ Wendy Oelofse] ...and prognosis following spinal cord injury. Handb Clin Neurol. 2012;109:47-62.</ref> During the acute spinal cord injury phase, the focus is on:<ref na

...reasingly used to refer to this condition<ref>Rhim HC, Kwon J, Park J, Borg-Stein J, Tenforde AS. [https://www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/life11121287 A S ...nts with plantar heel pain]. Foot & ankle international. 2012 Sep;33(9):693-8.</ref>.

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ...uring 1970–2000 and projections for the future.] Bone. 2002 Sep 1;31(3):430-3.</ref> Fractures of the foot are less common.<br>

...ps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6670063/ Instrument assisted soft-tissue mobilization: A commentary on clinical practice guidelines for rehabi ...tion: a systematic review.] Physical Therapy Reviews. 2017 Mar 4;22(1-2):76-85.</ref> It is used for the detection and treatment of soft tissue disorder

...4(1):55-61.</ref> Uric acid levels are abnormally high in people with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and sodium urate crystals may abnormally accumulate in the jo ...acid metabolism and central nervous system function. Am J Med. 1964;36:561-570.</ref></p>

...ayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20352061 (Last Accessed 24/03/2019)</ref>, which manifest with neurological ...kelton P, Clift Z. [https://hi.org/en/early-rehabilitation-in-conflicts-and-disasters Early Rehabilitation in Conflicts and Disasters]. Handicap Interna

...such as organs, including muscles and the circulatory system) and the fibro-adipose tissue exceeds the capacity of the [[Lymphatic System|lymphatic syst ...d soft tissue complications can develop throughout the first 18 months post-treatment, with greater than 90% of patients experiencing some form of inter

...a source of back pain. Thus back pain can arise from any of the ligaments, muscles, fascia, joints or discs of the Lumbar Spine. Read more information on [[Lo ...rtebral Manipulation. 7th Edition. London. Elsevier.</ref><span style="line-height: 1.5em;">.</span>

...ticipation, aim at expressing or improving physical fitness and mental well-being, forming social relationships or obtaining results in competition at a ...ptions, in the same city and, since 1988 Seoul Summer Games and 1992 Tignes-Albertville Winter Games, at the same venue as the Olympic Games every four

...both the [[posture]] and gait pattern of pregnant women different from non-pregnant subjects.<ref name=":3">Forczek W;Staszkiewicz R. [http://www.actab ...at=cr_pub%20%200pubmed Static and Dynamic Biomechanical Adaptations of the Lower Limbs and Gait Pattern Changes during Pregnancy.] Women’s Health [Interne

...adiation Therapy] Available from:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/radiation-therapy (last accessed 25.8.2020)</ref> * Nearly two-thirds of all cancer patients will receive radiation therapy <ref name="Good

...differential diagnosis and management. Manual therapy. 2008 Apr 1;13(2):103-11.</ref> * [https://physio-pedia.com/Calcaneal_Fractures Calcaneal stress fracture]

...Kelly Mudlo, Micheal Rangel, and Shelby Wagoner from the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Pathophysiology_of_Complex_Patient_Problems Bellarmine University ...ms include drug-induced lupus, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, and late-stage lupus.<ref name="p1">Goodman CC, Fuller KS. Pathology: Implications fo

...ilable from:https://www.wheelchairfoundation.org/fth/analysis-of-wheelchair-need/ (accessed 13 Junes 2022).</ref> ...among community-dwelling Canadians. Physical therapy. 2016 Aug 1;96(8):1135-42.</ref> Finally figures from the EU's Statistics Office Eurostatin suggest

...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/damien-howell/ Damien Howell]<br> ...f a therapy plan of care. The study of the human gait cycle can be a career-long endeavour and calls for creativity on the part of the physiotherapist d

...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]. #Function well under weight-bearing

...eal on their own and may be associated with pain, loss of function and long-term complications such as [[osteoarthritis]].<ref>D’Anchise R, Manta N, P ...ions of the knee." The American Journal of Sports Medicine 26.6 (1998): 853-861.</ref><ref name="Cole et al">Brian J. Cole, M. Mike Malek (2004). Articu

...ng? ''Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology''. vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 547-551.</ref> defined CP as: In the western world, a total of 2-2.5 of every 1000 born children have CP. The condition is caused by a brain

...physiotherapy management. This case spans from initial assessment to the 12-week follow up and discharge. ...ntation:''' This fictional case study focuses on Geraldine Smith, a 35-year-old woman whose diagnosis recently changed from SPMS active without progress

...ity and contractures. Phys Med Rehabil State of the Art Reviews. 1993;7:113-32.</ref>. ...tyjournals.com/upload/paper/Assessment%20of%20Extremities%20Muscle-01072022-8.pdf Assessment of Extremities Muscle Contracture for Critically Brain Inju

[[File:Compressive myeolopathy C6C7.png|thumb|Cervical myelopathy C6-C7]] ...(Eds). Spinal disorders: Fundamentals of Diagnosis and Treatment. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. 2008.</ref>

...based on a course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/bernice-saban/ Bernice Saban]<br> ...velopment of plantar heel pain in athletes]. The foot. 2001 Sep 1;11(3):119-25.

...sed on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/richard-jackson/ Richard Jackson]<br> ...xercise. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health. 2018;10(4):400-11. </ref></blockquote>Rehabilitation professionals must be able to assess,

...hermoregulatory, and sexual activities. Maintaining optimal health and well-being after sustaining a spinal cord injury can be a challenge. Common sec ...ic Dysreflexia]] and thermoregulation dysfunction is more common in the sub-acute and chronic spinal cord injury.

...on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/melanie-skeen-harding/ Melanie Harding] ...le with spinal cord injuries]. Journal of physiotherapy. 2016 Jan 1;62(1):4-11.</ref> This course aims to introduce basic treatment ideas during various

...re the pain is generalized. It can be acute or chronic; it can also be post-traumatic, lasting beyond the “normal” time of healing, usually over 3 o ...-based diagnostic criteria]. Current Rheumatology Reports. 2021 Aug;23(8):1-0.</ref>

...d clinical trial]. British journal of sports medicine. 2021 May 1;55(9):501-9.</ref>. ...n in elite male volleyball players.] Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2019;29(7):992-9. </ref>

...bs: a protocol of a systematic review]. Systematic Reviews. 2019 Dec;8(1):1-6.</ref> Despite recent advances in research [[tendinopathy]] rehab remains ...ing potential mechanisms for effectiveness]. Sports Med. 2013 Apr;43(4):267-86.</ref>&nbsp;reviewed the literature recently on loading programmes for [[

...ased on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/dr-james-laskin// James Laskin]<br> {{#ev:youtube|a6krLeYduBY|300}}<ref>Akis van Doorn. Disabled athletes or Super-humans? Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a6krLeYduBY[last acc

...erapy intervention in sports-related concussion among young individuals age-group–A narrative review]. Saudi Journal of Sports Medicine. 2020 May 1;20 ...rs remains the structured clinical interview with a neuropsychologist. Self-report measures can play an important role in screening patients in the phys

...during contractions, whereby the upper uterine segment contracts while the lower uterine segment dilates to accommodate the baby.<ref name=":1" /> Following ...hase lasts for approximately 6-8 hours, achieving a cervical dilation of ~3-4 cm.<ref name=":1" />

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]]<br> ...is a minimally invasive procedure often undergone as an outpatient in a one-day clinic and is performed when a meniscal tear is too large to be correcte

[[File:Knee-OA1.png|right|frameless]] ...of either an abnormal concentration of force across the joint as with post-traumatic causes or abnormal articular cartilage, such as [[Rheumatoid Arthr

...alth (ICF)]] framework to address the pathology of the disease in a patient-specific manner. ...sia, Central and South America<ref>Ravikumar S, Poysophon P, Poblete R, Kim-Tenser M. [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2016.00063/ful

...in project page]] for further information, or to return to [[Neck Pain Tool-kit: Step 1|Step 1]] to identify your patient. Otherwise, proceed to Step 3 *[[Neck Pain Tool-kit: Step 3#3.1_Neck_pain_alone|3.1 Neck pain alone]]

...in chronic conditions such as cerebral palsy, and the changes that exercise-based interventions can have for an adult who is deteriorating due to this c ...Cerebral Palsy. Archive of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitaiton, (94), 401-407. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=recumbent+cross+training+is+

...lies in Europe. Advances in experimental medicine and biology. 2010;686:349-64.</ref>. Giving birth to a child with such disorders can happen to any mot ...h case is unique. In general, CP children will not able to control certain muscles in their body the way they are intended to be controlled. It is estimated

...: an international consensus statement]. Br J Sports Med. 2016; 50(19):1169-76. ...ingement: what we know and what we don't.] Sports Health. 2014 Mar;6(2):157-61.

...Learning, Acting, and Building for Rehabilitation in Health Systems (ReLAB-HS) activity would like to thank the following people for their contribution ...eLAB-HS). The contents are the sole responsibility of Physiopedia and ReLAB-HS and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Go

...us to develop individualised, patient-centred goals and ultimately a tailor-made treatment plan for the individual. ...itation Management in Clinical Practice. Eur J Phys Rehabil. 2008;44(3):329-42.</ref>

...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]] ...ies, part I.] The American journal of sports medicine. 2005 Oct;33(10):1579-602.</ref>, and an acute rupture of ACL is a common trauma, it is incidence

...ical sports nutrition]. Burke L, Deakin V, editors. Beijing, Boston: McGraw-Hill; 2000 Dec.Available from:https://reference.jrank.org/diets/Sports_Nutri ...ance: Critical review and future perspectives. Sports Medicine 2015;45:1561-1576.</ref>.<br>There are three types of macronutrients: [[carbohydrates]],

...illian Hubbard|Jill Hubbard]], [[User:Rochelle Ann-Marie McCoy|Rochelle Ann-Marie McCoy]], [[User:Aamira Lokhandwala|Aamira Lokhandwala]] ...se study, the role of physiotherapists and the importance of a strong inter-disciplinary team is highlighted in the management of ALS.

Exertional heat-related illness (EHRI) is comprised of several states that afflict physicall ...tball players]. International journal of biometeorology. 2020 Apr;64(4):643-50.</ref>

...tors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}</div>This fictional case study is produced by first-year physiotherapy students at [https://rehab.queensu.ca/ Queens’ Universi ...were highlighted including to a neurologist, occupational therapist, speech-language pathologist, social worker/ therapist, as well as community care an

.... Investigation of lameness in dogs: 2. Hindlimb. InPractice. 2011;33(2):58-66.</ref> This page explores some of the most common dysfunctions of the sti ....<ref name=":0">[https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/ansi-van-der-walt/ Van Der Walt, A]. Managing Disorders of the Canine Hind Limb. Plus Cou

...d to grow in popularity worldwide as a system for promoting health and well-being. ...n, concentration, or meditation. For this reason, yoga is considered a mind-body exercise<ref>Wieland LS, Skoetz N, Pilkington K, Vempati R, D'Adamo CR,

'''Original Editor '''- [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Ragy_Tadrous Ragy Tadrous] ...&d=4906816763908767833&ei=5GbjYp_fG-2O6rQPx9GU8A0&scisig=AAGBfm085r-NyWDP3p-yxCQmIkIiID5IUg Akintomide, G. & Rickards 2011. Narcolepsy: a review. 507] 

...ysio-pedia.com/User:Ashlea_Anthony Ashlea Anthony] &amp; [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Linsey_Schmalz Linsey Schmalz] from Bellarmine University.&nb ...reast cancer] Available from:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/breast-cancer-summary?lang=gb (last accessed 22.8.2020)</ref>