...16888/pdf/cureus-0010-00000002893.pdf Duplication of the Alar Ligaments: A Case Report.] Cureus. 2018 Jun 29;10(6).</ref> with the alar ligament only faili
Insertion: Usually the medial aspect of the occipital condyles but some studies have found it to insert on the lateral walls of the foramen magnum<ref name
3 KB (417 words) - 17:12, 16 December 2022
...ors. They play an enormous role in the connection and stabilization of the cervical column and the [[skull]].
...ed laterally at the upper vertebral column. They prevertebral layer of the cervical [[fascia]], encloses [[Spinal cord anatomy|vertebral]] column, longus co
6 KB (849 words) - 09:34, 8 February 2022
Fellows will be divided into 5 groups of 2-3 people to work together. You will choose from one of the five topics to wo
...use this approach. Any case studies that support its use? Provide several case examples that illustrates each of the concepts in SINSS.
3 KB (436 words) - 01:24, 24 September 2020
...in joints and muscles, and restoring strength due to muscle weakness. This case study depicts what may be seen in a patient coming to Physical therapy with
...ns in patients with thyroid disease. Clinical Endocrinology. 2003;59(2):162-7</ref> <br>
7 KB (994 words) - 15:15, 6 September 2021
...tures /dsBRFSS Depression Anxiety/. Accessed on March 2, 2010.</ref> This case study shows what may be seen in a patient coming in for musculoskeletal pai
== Case Presentation ==
4 KB (654 words) - 19:43, 13 October 2019
...study. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy. 2014 Jul;44(7):475-87.</ref>
'''Range of Motion ([https://physio-pedia.com/Range_of_Motion ROM]):'''
7 KB (993 words) - 18:52, 17 January 2024
...er of the thyroid cartilage (typically at the level of the fourth or fifth cervical vertebra), the common carotid arteries bifurcate into the ECA and ICA.
...re of the carotid artery, http://www.webmd.com/heart/picture-of-the-carotid-artery#1 (accessed 31 may 2017)</ref> (10 in image at R)
8 KB (1,152 words) - 18:48, 6 May 2021
...hey are mid to end-range facet [[Manual Techniques for the Cervicothoracic Spine|joint mobilizations]] that are applied Antero- cranially along the treatmen
...raded according to the tolerance of the patient. They should always be pain-free for the patients. If these are painful despite applying correctly, then
9 KB (1,277 words) - 19:30, 15 May 2023
John is a 19-year-old student, who had an accident while on holidays with his friends when his
...beats per minute, respirations of 22 per minute. The paramedics applied a cervical collar, placed him on Ferno Scoop Stretcher, immobilized his head, provided
5 KB (710 words) - 03:55, 14 June 2022
...ven vertebrae as well as articulations with the occiput and upper thoracic spine, each with different axes of movement which can combine in a multitude of w
Movements of the cervical spine are 1) constrained by the [[Anatomy cervical|anatomy]] of motion segments and longer connective structures that span mul
18 KB (2,841 words) - 12:07, 19 March 2024
...fractures: an anatomical approach. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2008;18:189-195 [Level2]</ref>
...known as the axis, is one of three atypical vertebrae. The axis shows a peg-like odontoid process that projects itself superiorly from the body. The odo
12 KB (1,851 words) - 22:29, 15 June 2020
...al orthopedic surgeons. Most common cause for this operation is a ruptured cervical intervertebral disk. Another reason for surgery are spurs that irritate a n
...locked nerve (=decompression) and the fusion is necessary to stabilize the cervical segment.
12 KB (1,782 words) - 14:47, 23 August 2019
...yndrome: a narrative review.] Global spine journal. 2019 May;9(1_suppl):89S-97S.</ref>
* Studies reported a bimodal age distribution, however, with about 30% between 10 to
12 KB (1,608 words) - 18:00, 21 June 2023
...lfunctionalcare.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Anatomy-of-the-quadrilateral-space.pdf The anatomy of the quadrilateral space with reference to quadrilat
...tent/bjsports/39/2/e9.full.pdf Case report quadrilateral space syndrome: A case study] and ... [Internet]. British Journal of Sports Medicine . 2005 [cited
11 KB (1,501 words) - 22:00, 19 November 2021
'''Os odontoideum''' (OO) is a rare anomaly of the second cervical vertebrae characterised by a separation of a portion of the [[odontoid proc
...ure at the base of the odontoid ; unstable, and has a high risk of non-union
12 KB (1,876 words) - 21:45, 20 October 2020
...ca [serial on the Internet]. (2010, Oct), [cited April 4, 2012]; 42(5): 214-219. Available from: Academic Search Premier.</ref>
...ong term results of combined radio surgical treatment. Thorax. 1997; 52:284-6</ref>
12 KB (1,665 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...r occipital nerve.png|thumb|Posterior primary divisions of the upper three cervical nerves.]]
...study with clinical correlations. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1991 Apr;16(4):475-8</ref> to travel to the scalp and the superior nuchal line<ref name=":0">Yu
9 KB (1,366 words) - 20:31, 11 March 2022
...main goal of neck collars is to prevent or minimise motion in the cervical spine.
* maintaining normal cervical lordosis.
15 KB (2,114 words) - 16:28, 30 December 2023
...For example, a nerve root impingement in the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] spine may result in pain and weakness in the forearm. Similarly, an impingement i
...from Rochester, Minnesota, 1976 through 1990. Brain. 1994 Apr 1;117(2):325-35.</ref>....
16 KB (2,204 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...">Goodman CC, Fuller KS. Pathology: Implications for the Physical Therapist-3rd Edition. St. Louis: W.B. Saunders Co.; 2009.</ref><br>
...from: http://www.tumorsurgery.org/patient-education/bone-tumors/bone-tumor-types/osteoblastoma.aspx</ref><br>
10 KB (1,424 words) - 04:00, 31 July 2019
...pher. [https://www.webmd.com/multiple-sclerosis/lhermittes-sign-what-is-how-treat Lhermitte’s Sign: What Is It? How Do You Treat It?] WebMD. July 23 2
...mitte and Lhermitte’s sign.] Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2020 Apr;26(4):501-4.</ref>
8 KB (1,083 words) - 17:45, 3 January 2022
..., Márquez-Vera MA, Vila-Chã C, Méndez-Sánchez R. [https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/20/10704/htm Effects of global postural reeducation versus specific
...eck pain (VAS 8-9/10). He noted a pinching sensation in his lower cervical spine. Because of this pain, he was unable to continue bowling and became a wicke
13 KB (1,974 words) - 08:57, 20 November 2022
...stoid muscle: a rare case. Internet Journal of Medical Update 2013; 8(2):62-64</ref>
...ge - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/sternocleidomastoid-muscle</ref><br>
8 KB (1,234 words) - 22:06, 21 March 2023
...files: overview and current state of art. Acta Biomed. 2017 Apr 28;88(1):11-16. doi: 10.23750/abm.v88i1.5309. PMID: 28467328; PMCID: PMC6166197.]</ref>.
...of injury due to compressive loading. J Athl Train. 2005 Jul-Sep;40(3):155-61. PMID: 16284634; PMCID: PMC1250253.]</ref>.
15 KB (2,158 words) - 12:35, 22 March 2024
..., has also been described, as the phenomenon of pain (originating from the spine) spreading distally into the limb. <ref name=":1" />
...low back pain: a systematic review.] Physiother Theory Pract 2021; 37:1283-1297.</ref> the establishment of a diagnosis or prognosis, <ref name=":5" />
13 KB (1,757 words) - 08:56, 29 April 2022
...stematic review.] The journal of spinal cord medicine. 2010 Jan 1;33(4):353-70.</ref><br>
...eview of the literature.] The Journal of hand surgery. 2009 Apr 1;34(4):692-9.</ref><br>Eighty percent of the tetraplegic cases are men and almost 60 pe
17 KB (2,497 words) - 13:58, 19 July 2021
[[File:Sam-burriss-zHSX9o2 B7Y-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless]]
...ted to the particular orientation, structure, and function of the thoracic spine in the vertebral column.
18 KB (2,502 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...l of exercise and spinal manipulation for patients with chronic neck pain. Spine. 2001;26:788–797. discussion 798–799</ref>. The identification of a h
...uals fears about the threatening processes that might be going on in their spine as these fears or concerns can act as a barrier to recovery and need to be
14 KB (2,064 words) - 11:48, 15 November 2023
...ion of Pain in Migraine and Cervicogenic Headache: A Cross-sectional Single-Site Observational Study. Pain Med. 2020 Sep 11:pnaa282.</ref> although CGH
...capula and Cervicogenic Headaches|upper trapezius]] and [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Anterior_Neck_and_Cervicogenic_Headaches sternocleidomastoid].
17 KB (2,510 words) - 00:31, 28 December 2022
...part of the ventral ramus of the 1st thoracic nerve. Branches from the 4th cervical and the 2nd thoracic ventral ramus may contribute. <ref name=":9" />
[[Image:Brachial-Plexus.png|thumb|The right brachial plexus with its short branches, viewed f
20 KB (2,786 words) - 00:15, 24 March 2024
...function injury. It is a transient nerve injury which occurs following over-stretching of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus or compression of the C
...Hershman EB, Posner MA. The Upper Extremity in Sports Medicine, 2nd, Mosby-Year Book, Inc., St. Louis, MO 1995</ref>.
20 KB (2,818 words) - 16:02, 29 June 2023
...'''- [[User:Kim Jackson|Kim Jackson]] as part of the [http://members.physio-pedia.com Physiopedia Plus] neck pain course.
...Online]. Available: <nowiki>https://data.worldbank.org/country/trinidad-and-tobago?view=chart</nowiki>.</ref> limitations and difficulties of treating n
21 KB (3,314 words) - 18:58, 11 April 2020
...Spinal Manipulation Available: https://www.spine-health.com/glossary/spinal-manipulation (accessed 13.6.2021)</ref>.
...rapy,” Journal of Orthop Sports Physical Therapy 37, no. 6 (June 2007): 290-302.</ref> :
15 KB (2,155 words) - 12:31, 17 October 2023
...ort], Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, Volume 20, Issue 4, P:722-727,</ref>
...Some Basic Science Aspects], Physiotherapy, 1997, Volume 83, Issue 4, P:186-189,</ref>
16 KB (2,184 words) - 01:09, 21 November 2023
...lasia and cervical laminoplasty Case report. J Neurosurg Spine 2009; 11:417-420. http://thejns.org/doi/pdf/10.3171/2009.4.SPINE09164 (accessed on Apr 20
...ely 98% of patients with achondroplasia have a mutation resulting from G-to-A substitution in the ''FGFR3'' gene; the majority of cases result from a sp
15 KB (2,098 words) - 20:10, 20 November 2022
...microtrauma pattern implicated in DCO. This repetitive loading causes micro-trauma to the subchondral bone of the distal clavicular head, resulting in s
...management of distal clavicle osteolysis. Orthopedics. 2017 Mar 1;40(2):119-24.</ref>
10 KB (1,388 words) - 14:25, 13 February 2023
...icobrachalgia) is a term that describes pain and stiffness of the cervical spine with symptoms in the shoulder girdle and upper extremity<ref>DeStefano LA.
...eth H. "The Cervicobrachial Syndrome." Annuals of Surgery 111 5 (1940): 727-742.</ref>.
23 KB (3,428 words) - 18:14, 23 April 2021
...hts the main challenges experienced by the patient, the short-term and long-term goals, the physiotherapy interventions, and the outcomes.
...nge of motion, the [[Community Balance and Mobility Scale]], and the [[Post-Concussion Symptoms Scale]].
21 KB (2,997 words) - 15:06, 20 November 2023
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
...InSeminars in arthritis and rheumatism 2009 Apr 1 (Vol. 38, No. 5, pp. 361-365). WB Saunders. (Level of evidence: 2B)</ref>. Also, peripheral entheses
18 KB (2,537 words) - 14:20, 29 November 2023
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
...therapy''' (MDT) is a system of diagnosis and treatment for [https://physio-pedia.com/Patient_Guide:_Musculoskeletal_/_Orthopaedics?utm_source=physioped
19 KB (2,785 words) - 19:07, 4 July 2023
[[File:Compressive myeolopathy C6C7.png|thumb|Cervical myelopathy C6-C7]]
...ssion of the [[Spinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]] at the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] level of the spinal column resulting in [[spasticity]], hyperreflexia, pa
30 KB (4,201 words) - 11:40, 15 November 2023
[[Image:Ossification Spine.jpg|Flowing Ossification|right|314x314px]]
...nical features and pathogenic mechanisms. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2013;9(12):741-750.</ref><ref name="Bombak" />.<sup></sup>
16 KB (2,310 words) - 17:12, 8 January 2021
[[File:Brachial-Plexus.png|right|frameless]]
...Radecki J. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2926354/ Parsonage-Turner Syndrome.] Hospital for Special Surgery Journal, 2010; 6(2): 199–20
13 KB (1,797 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...ic reviews and guidance]. Chiropractic & manual therapies. 2020 Dec;28(1):1-1.</ref>
* manual therapy (e.g. therapist-led stretching exercises)
15 KB (2,168 words) - 02:43, 19 April 2023
...it can also occur in the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] and [[Lumbar|lumbar spine]].<ref name=":0">Seidenwurm, D. J., & Expert Panel on Neurologic Imaging. (
...cales used to quantify severity of cervical spondylotic meylopathy and post-operative improvement. J Outcume Meas, 2001. </ref>
22 KB (3,204 words) - 14:53, 20 November 2023
...essive degenerative changes that affect all the components of the cervical spine (i.e., intervertebral discs, facet joints, joints of Luschka, ligamenta fla
...Tetraplegia after thyroidectomy in a patient with cervical spondylosis: a case report and literature review.] Medicine (Baltimore) 2015;94(6):e524. Avai
26 KB (3,576 words) - 11:32, 15 November 2023
...tps://www.smn.scot.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Vertebral-fractures-in-children.pdf [Accessed 11/3/2023]. </ref>
=== Cervical spine ===
29 KB (4,213 words) - 11:30, 12 March 2023
...viewed literature state that manipulative techniques aimed at the thoracic spine used in conjunction with exercise produce superior benefits in patients wit
...or cuff, improving range of motion, decreasing pain, and returning to a pre-morbid level of injury. Manipulations to the cervicothoracic junction were p
26 KB (3,778 words) - 16:59, 21 July 2023
[[File:Cervical spine.png|thumb]]
.... [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6356370/ Materials for the spine: anatomy, problems, and solutions.] Materials. 2019 Jan 14;12(2):253.</ref>
39 KB (5,879 words) - 07:28, 7 May 2023
...of Shoulder and Neck Pain in a Patient with Mental Health Comorbidities: A Case Report|Open Peer Review]]'''
...as referred for neck and shoulder pain. Manual therapy and neuromuscular re-education were provided in an outpatient setting, along with a custom exerci
20 KB (3,070 words) - 02:05, 31 August 2019
'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} Laure-Anne Callewaert en Farrie Bakalli</div>
...zed, double-blind, sham-controlled trial. Rheumatol Int. 2006 Feb;26(4):320-4. Epub 2005 Jun 29</ref>.(Level of evidence 5, Level of evidence 1B) <br>
30 KB (4,401 words) - 15:01, 23 August 2019
...niversity Evidence-based Practice Project|Texas State University's Evidence-based Practice project]]
...BE. [https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article-lookup/doi/10.2522/ptj.20060272 Cervical dystonia: disease profile and clinical management]. Phys Ther 2007;87(11):1
24 KB (3,444 words) - 20:20, 23 March 2021
...ifficulties with balance, vision, cognition, fainting, pain, strength, and cervical mobility.
...tegies for patients with prolonged mild traumatic brain injury symptoms: a case series]. International journal of sports physical therapy. 2015 Oct;10(5):6
23 KB (3,270 words) - 22:11, 16 August 2020
The pelvic floor is a dome-shaped structure that extends from the pubic bone to the tailbone. See [[Pel
...n the female athlete.] Current sports medicine reports. 2019 Feb 1;18(2):49-52.</ref>
14 KB (1,901 words) - 15:14, 26 November 2023
...therapists with an [[Evidence Based Practice(EBP) in Physiotherapy|evidence-based]] tool to assist in patient management when determining a particular d
...idea is to stick with the [[Ethics, the ICF and EBP|principles of evidence-based practice]], and to incorporate the best available evidence (including
14 KB (2,102 words) - 17:28, 3 August 2022
...tic AAI. <ref name=":0" /> Symptomatic AAI occurs as a result of excessive cervical movement causing impingement on the spinal cord, with a risk of severe neur
.... Available at: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ap1/chapter/the-vertebral-column/ [Accessed 18 May 2021]</ref>]]
26 KB (3,564 words) - 14:14, 2 February 2024
...t techniques can be utilized with these patients to address musculoskeletal-related dysfunction while also having a positive effect on psychosocial issu
...n following the accident. The doctor recommended routine labs and had had x-rays done showing no fractures. The lab values (CBC, CMP, erythrocyte sedime
11 KB (1,540 words) - 22:08, 13 October 2020
...ramework. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2023; 53(1) : 1-51 https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2022.11147</ref>.
== Anatomy of Cervical Spine ==
36 KB (5,235 words) - 12:52, 15 February 2023
*Other co-morbidities include hypertension and diabetes type II, both of which are con
...after he wakes up at 5 p.m. (the time of this evaluation), approximately 3-4 times per week. When asked if lying down reduced the symptoms, the patient
12 KB (1,756 words) - 13:31, 2 December 2021
...tlanto-occipital joint|atlanto-occipital]] and [[Atlanto-axial joint|upper cervical joints]] and perceived in one or more regions of the head and/or face.<ref
...headache type that is hypothesized to originate due to nociception in the cervical area. <ref name="IHS">Headache Classification Subcommittee of the Internati
27 KB (3,832 words) - 11:35, 15 November 2023
...97-306.</ref> Dysfunction in one can lead to a dysfunction in the other (co-dependency).
...s or abdominals due to adapted contraction patterns based on muscles’ force-length curve. Thus, it could be suggested that inspiration and expiration st
23 KB (3,308 words) - 17:13, 29 June 2023
...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
[[File:Baastrup-disease-1.jpeg|thumb|Baastrup syndrome with active inflammation (e.g. bursitis)|alt=
15 KB (2,086 words) - 19:53, 26 February 2024
[[File:Lower-back-pain.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Lower-back-pain]]
...tematic review of the literature, 2013, Journal of Hand Therapy Vol 26, 297-311</ref> and their surrounding tissues.
20 KB (2,903 words) - 10:28, 13 April 2022
[[File:Cx-Radiculopathy-Final-Version-.png|right|frameless|499x499px]]
...of Neck Pain and Radicular Symptoms. Am Fam Physician. 2010 Jan 1;81(1):33-40.</ref>
40 KB (5,769 words) - 11:33, 15 November 2023
...nd lower extremity strength exercises with cardiovascular training in a non-weight bearing environment. Swimmers are unfortunately prone to injuries.
...ntion strategies in competitive swimmers]. Sports health. 2012 May;4(3):246-51. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3435931/ (l
16 KB (2,203 words) - 13:54, 15 June 2023
...ow joint. Physiotherapists have a functional knowledge of the complicated 3-joint elbow complex as well as its associated anatomy. They can apply this k
...with the person's symptoms. This assessment will help them develop a multi-modal treatment approach that is individualised to the specific problems and
22 KB (3,234 words) - 01:34, 22 November 2022
...ert Bardinas|Robert Bardinas]]; as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
...the [[elbow]] and the [[Wrist and Hand|wrist]]<ref>Jan Michael C. Lleva, Ke-Vin Chang.Ulnar Neuropathy. Available from: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bo
12 KB (1,755 words) - 14:27, 12 April 2021
...lininger|Chris Slininger]] as part of the [[Texas State University Evidence-based Practice Project]]
...ional impact.] Journal of occupational rehabilitation. 2011 Sep 1;21(3):366-73.</ref> <ref name=":1">Köknel TG. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15
26 KB (3,538 words) - 17:21, 10 May 2024
...g]] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/pam-versfeld/ Pam Versfeld]<br>
...ts of wakeful tummy time.<ref>Sampaio SS, Moura JR, de Medeiros CE, de Lima-Alvarez CD, Simão CR, Azevedo IG, Pereira SA. [https://www.hindawi.com/jour
16 KB (2,311 words) - 04:40, 22 November 2023
...pain. Spine, 22(18), 2128-2156. https://doi.org/10.1097/00007632-199709150-00012</ref>. The main reasons for IDD therapy advocacy are;
...ority of patients prefer to avoid the risks of surgery or suffer from spine-related musculoskeletal conditions contraindicated to surgical intervention,
17 KB (2,387 words) - 23:55, 23 November 2022
Emery-Dreifuss [[Muscular Dystrophy]] (EDMD) is a rare genetic degenerative diseas
EDMD can be subdivided into 3 categories:<br>• X-linked EDMD<br>• Autosomal Dominant EDMD<br>• Autosomal Recessive EDMD
18 KB (2,578 words) - 13:22, 19 June 2022
[[File:Scoliosis-01.jpg|thumb|scoliosis clinical presentation|alt=scoliosis clinical presenta
Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. It is most often diagnosed in childhood or early adolescence.
31 KB (4,551 words) - 14:29, 29 June 2023
...ior to Orthopaedic Manual Therapy (OMT) Intervention: International IFOMPT Cervical Framework, 2020. Available from [https://www.ifompt.org/site/ifompt/IFOMPT%
...through rigorous consensus methods, guides the assessment of the cervical spine region for potential vascular pathologies of the neck before planned interv
41 KB (5,891 words) - 05:35, 26 January 2024
...are unable to assess patients in-person (eg in [[Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)|COVID 19]] lock down), they must first determine if telehealth is a viab
...ates that physical therapists can see patients via telehealth on a case by case basis. Decisions must be based on clinical judgement, the client's informed
16 KB (2,361 words) - 10:00, 23 November 2022
...orrelation between postural dysfunction of the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical spine]] and TMD. There are numerous other conditions that can cause [[Pain Mechan
...Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology, 82(1), 4-9.</ref>, it found that the lateral pterygoid muscle was connected to the me
26 KB (3,849 words) - 15:15, 7 May 2024
Meralgia Paraesthetica (MP), also known as Bernhardt-Roth or LFCN (lateral femoral cutaneus nervus) neuralgia, comes from the gre
...It travels through the pelvis heading towards the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and exits the lesser pelvis below the inguinal ligament (IL), anteri
18 KB (2,720 words) - 14:55, 19 June 2023
[[File:Spinal-cord-injury-symptoms.png|right|frameless|691x691px]]
...ls]] and age-related bony changes<ref name=":0">Alizadeh A, Dyck SM, Karimi-Abdolrezaee S. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6439316/ Trauma
23 KB (3,353 words) - 02:16, 8 August 2023
...review their effectiveness on commonly affected joints such as the lumbar spine and the [[Sacroiliac Joint|sacroiliac joint]] that are prone to causing [[L
...a-analysis of randomized clinical trials.] J Man Manip Ther. 2009;17(4):237-46. </ref> This "high velocity - low amplitude of movement" technique differ
27 KB (3,903 words) - 07:08, 19 April 2023
...sp;that there is a serious medical condition presenting as common, non-serious, musculoskeletal conditions, are commonly described as red flag
...ne Database of Systematic Reviews. 2013(2).</ref>. They often highlight non-mechanical conditions or pathologies of visceral origin''' '''and
27 KB (3,864 words) - 11:24, 29 August 2023
...based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/rina-pandya/ Rina Pandya]<br> '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{F
...distinguish this dysfunction from other conditions. This page will discuss studies which explore these features to help you to reach a diagnosis more efficien
27 KB (3,897 words) - 11:27, 18 August 2022
[[File:Chris-benson-yx-iJFybOBQ-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless]]
...my T4-T5 segment]. Janda noted that these focal areas of stress within the spine correspond to transitional zones in which neighboring vertebrae change in m
35 KB (5,117 words) - 17:46, 11 March 2024
...ent and the role of key information]. Ochsner Journal. 2021 Mar 20;21(1):81
-5.</ref>.<blockquote><sub>'''Justice Benjamin Cordozo, commented “Every hu
...ine]. (2019). Available at: <nowiki>https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant
-moral/</nowiki> [Accessed 6 Jul. 2019].</ref>. He describes autonomy as a �
12 KB (1,723 words) - 19:23, 2 December 2023
'''Original Editor '''- [http://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Kudzanayi_Ronald_Muzenda Kudzanayi Ronald Muzenda] and [[User
...gical classification of spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2011; 34: 535-546</ref>{{#ev:vimeo|65471467|300}}
29 KB (4,219 words) - 12:08, 2 February 2024
...f the patients' pain, there are common clinical features such as decreased cervical range of movement, weakness, pain on palpation and the presence of trigger
...eelchair Services. Available: <nowiki>https://www.england.nhs.uk/wheelchair-services/</nowiki>. Last accessed 22nd May 2019.</ref>
32 KB (4,829 words) - 22:43, 17 August 2020
...rrently due to her ongoing medical conditions. She reported taking over-the-counter medication for pain but they are not helping her much. She had bilat
...3N's are absent. She consumes 1 or 2 units of alcohol a month. She is a non-smoker.
14 KB (2,153 words) - 00:54, 22 June 2023
...Feasibility of Applying a Simple Method to Quantify Clinical Experience: A Case Report|Open Peer Review]]'''
...the individual clinician. The ability of the clinician to thoughtfully self-reflect and merge the presented data with published literature strengthens t
35 KB (5,120 words) - 10:45, 15 April 2024
...hnson]] and [[User:Kasi Lessley|Kasie Lessley]] from the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Pathophysiology_of_Complex_Patient_Problems Bellarmine University
...Management of Crohn's Disease in Adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2009; 104: 465-483. doi:10.1038/ajg.208.168</ref>
17 KB (2,454 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
A herniated disc in the spine is a condition during which a nucleus pulposus is displaced from interverte
40 KB (5,562 words) - 14:04, 27 November 2023
...ic outlet, leading to a spectrum of symptoms ranging from mild pain to limb-threatening complications. It remains a complex and controversial condition
...distinguish TOS from other pathologies with similar presentations. Imaging studies and electrodiagnostic evaluation are valuable adjuncts in confirming the di
18 KB (2,514 words) - 17:40, 10 May 2024
.../1868602 Failed back surgery syndrome. Pain medicine]. 2011 Apr 1;12(4):577-606.</ref>
...yndrome]. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics. 2011 Aug;36(4):525-8.</ref>.
18 KB (2,557 words) - 00:01, 9 June 2022
...verman Voice Treatment (LSVT)-BIG in moderate stage Parkinson's Disease: a case study
...ife, as well as navigating throughout his home with fewer difficulties. A 4-week “LSVT Big”-style training program was proposed, in order to work to
21 KB (3,101 words) - 03:05, 7 December 2020
...class="editorbox"> '''Original Editor '''- [[User:John-Carlo Caballes|John-Carlo Caballes]], [[User:David Castro|David Castro]], [[User:Alana Griffith|
...ral history of primary lateral sclerosis]. Neurology. 2006 Mar 14;66(5):647-53.</ref>. Nonetheless, controversy continues to exist over whether PLS is a
17 KB (2,395 words) - 14:02, 14 August 2022
...ia R.K. et al., Spondyloarthropathies. Am Fam Physician, 2004, 69 (12):2853-2860 Level of Evidence 5</ref> Level 5
...lus fibrosis of the intervertebral discs, and the apophyseal joints of the spine.<ref name="p1" />
31 KB (4,448 words) - 03:36, 3 September 2023
...ternal lip of iliac crest, the outer surface of an anterior superior iliac spine, and the deep surface of fascia lata.<ref name=":0">Kendall, McCreary, Prov
...rstanding iliotibial band syndrome. Journal of Anatomy. 2006 Mar;208(3):309-16.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2100245/ (accessed on 25/07/
16 KB (2,448 words) - 05:24, 10 April 2024
...ionary of Neurological Signs; Springer Science & Business Media, 12-Nov-2010; page 369</ref>
.... The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume. 1975 Aug;57(3):380-3.</ref> ==
9 KB (1,295 words) - 00:29, 2 August 2021
[[File:Bianca-jordan-IPjWtxPJUQc-unsplash.jpg|right|frameless]]
...n normal subjects. American Journal of Roentgenology. 1980 May 1;134(5):979-83.</ref>
23 KB (3,199 words) - 06:59, 30 April 2020
...vements in the patient's [[Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Rating Scale (PSP-RS)]] score, [[Timed Up and Go Test (TUG)|Timed Up and Go (TUG) score]], and
...al [[Parkinson's|parkinsonian syndrome]], or otherwise known as a Parkinson-plus disorder<ref name=":0">Agarwal S, Gilbert R. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.
26 KB (3,900 words) - 20:05, 21 November 2020
...niversity Evidence-based Practice Project|Texas State University's Evidence-based Practice project]]
...ication of acute thoracolumbar spinal injuries]. spine. 1983 Nov 1;8(8):817-31.</ref>
38 KB (5,553 words) - 15:40, 20 March 2024
...ssification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia. 2018; 38(1): 1-211. </ref>
...GC, Stovner LJ. Epidemiology of headache. ''Handb Clin Neurol''. 2010;97:3-22. </ref>
37 KB (5,381 words) - 20:35, 11 July 2023
'''Original Editor ''' - [https://www.physio-pedia.com/User:Selena_Horner Selena Horner]
...nd results of physical therapy treatment for a 13 year old with [[Parsonage-Turner Syndrome]].
22 KB (3,190 words) - 19:52, 13 September 2019
...Shoulder Joint Stability, in The Athlete’s Shoulder. 2009, Elsevier. p. 655-669.</ref> Dynamic restraints result from neuromuscular control over the sho
...restraints.] Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research®. 1996 Sep 1;330:54-65.</ref>, which are very important for homogeneous shoulder movements while
29 KB (4,015 words) - 13:30, 9 April 2024
...The term ‘dysfunction’ implies that at a certain level (mostly L4-L5 or L5-S1) these 3 components do not function normally.
...omised clinical trial, J Bone Joint Surg Br August 1989 vol. 71-B no. 4 681-684.</ref>
25 KB (3,806 words) - 11:15, 12 June 2021
...to the brain.<ref>What is Trigeminal Neuralgia? Available from:https://fpa-support.org/learn/ (accessed 29 September, 2020)</ref> It's an intermittent
...https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/neurosurgery/services/conditions/trigeminal-neuralgia.aspx ( Accessed 2 September 2020)</ref>
16 KB (2,142 words) - 17:44, 3 January 2022
...th surgical correlation.] American Journal of Roentgenology 2003;181(1):219-21.</ref> Wrist extension is preserved due to the action of the extensor car
...Frohse in cadavers]. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. 2005 Aug 1;27(3):171-5.</ref> The posterior interosseous nerve continues in the radial tunnel thr
24 KB (3,324 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
[[File:Sports-related concussion.jpg|thumb|280x280px]]
...hile it is impossible to eliminate all concussions in sport, but concussion-prevention strategies can reduce the number and severity of concussions in m
34 KB (5,029 words) - 16:23, 13 November 2021
== What is Pain Management? [[Image:Cognitive-graphic.gif|thumb|right|300px]] ==
...inary team to help ease the pain and suffering of patients living with long-term pain to improve their quality of life<ref name="Har">Hardy, Paul A. J.
24 KB (3,480 words) - 16:05, 1 August 2023
...ing the effectiveness of [[Manual Therapy|manual therapy]] on the thoracic spine may improve patient’s symptoms when suffering from thoracic and/or referr
There are various common disorders in the thoracic spine, the most common;
46 KB (6,453 words) - 13:01, 1 March 2022
...treatments.] Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine. 2008 Mar 1;1(1):1-1.</ref>
...Scapular Winging <ref>Scapular Winging. Available from: http://www.maitrise-orthop.com/viewPage_us.do?id=1010</ref>]]</div>
18 KB (2,511 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...al Anatomy|cervical]] spine and rarely, except for trauma, in the thoracic spine.<ref name=":1" />
...olisthesis and retrolisthesis.] Clinical Spine Surgery. 2002 Apr 1;15(2):93-9.</ref>
34 KB (4,705 words) - 17:14, 29 February 2024
..., Shaw GM. Spina bifida. Nature reviews Disease primers. 2015 Apr 30;1(1):1-8.</ref>
...acid food fortification in Canada]. The Lancet. 2002 Dec 21;360(9350):2047-8.</ref>.<br>{{#ev:youtube|jlDZA2PNW2o}}<ref>YouTube.Osmosis Spina bifida (m
39 KB (5,855 words) - 12:33, 9 May 2024
...Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
...ct and when to refer. Cleveland clinic journal of medicine 2007; 74(7): 473-482. (level of evidence 4)</ref> An acromioclavicular dislocation is a
22 KB (3,205 words) - 10:00, 18 August 2022
...erve), is an upper extremity nerve, which is part of the posterior cord (C5-C6), and provides motor innervation to the [[deltoid]] and teres minor muscl
...tomic basis of its iatrogenic and traumatic injury.] Springer. 2010;32:193-201.
31 KB (4,411 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
[[File:Sagittal section of the lumbar spine Primal.png|thumb|Lumbar Spine]]
...Effects on Quality of Life]. Pain Management Nursing. 2020 Dec 1;21(6):579-86.</ref>
28 KB (4,016 words) - 11:56, 10 March 2023
Axial spondyloarthritis is a seronegative [[spondyloarthritis]] of the spine and pelvis. The term axial spondyloarthritis has only been used since 2009
...673616315914 Axial spondyloarthritis]. The Lancet. 2017 Jul 1;390(10089):73-84.</ref>
34 KB (4,865 words) - 11:38, 14 October 2023
'''''Background and Purpose:''''' This case examines the inpatient rehabilitation experience of an African American mal
'''''Case Description:''''' The patient was a 34-year-old African American male with acute onset NMO with a unique presentation th
26 KB (3,920 words) - 11:40, 26 April 2023
...departments (2006–2016). Emergency Medicine Journal. 2020 Nov 1;37(11):696-9.</ref>
[[Image:Manubrium-animation.gif|border|right|frameless|alt=manubrium image]]The sternum is a f
30 KB (4,397 words) - 13:25, 30 July 2023
...national Classification of Headache Disorders II. Available from http://ihs
-classification.org/en [last accessed 21/6/9]</ref></div> <div class="editorb
...further in the ‘Characteristics’<ref name=":0">Loder E, Rizzoli P. Tension
-type headache. ''BMJ''. 2008;336(7635):88–92. doi:10.1136/bmj.39412.70586
28 KB (3,926 words) - 18:27, 26 November 2023
...of less than 3 months duration and ‘chronic’ to greater than 3 months. For studies which (1) included participants with symptoms that encompassed both ac
...kit project created by the BC (British Columbia) Physical Therapy Knowledge-Broker facilitated project team. The evidence below has been modified for Ph
49 KB (6,746 words) - 13:53, 29 January 2024
[[File:Scapulohumeral rhythm-1-.png|thumb|274x274px|
...rdle involved in those of the arm on the trunk. J Anat Physiol 1884; 18:209-218.</ref>
22 KB (3,181 words) - 18:31, 11 January 2021
The following case is entirely fictional, and was created for education purposes only.
The objective of this case study was to explore the effectiveness of a Tai Chi exercise program in a p
30 KB (4,574 words) - 00:16, 28 February 2020
...rison of Argentine Tango and American Ballroom. J Rehabil Med. 2009;41: 475-481.</ref>. A dance intervention was implemented along with traditional phys
...er the 10-week intervention, small improvements were seen in the UPDRS, PDQ-8, TUG, Berg Balance Scale, Sit to Stand, and ABC Scale. The UPDRS met the M
32 KB (4,631 words) - 15:21, 7 May 2024
...ussel Evidence-based Practice Project|Vrije Universiteit Brussel's Evidence-based Practice project]]
...her, rarer nerve compression syndromes. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2015;112(1-2):14-25; quiz 26.</ref>
38 KB (5,582 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...ndrome in asymptomatic individuals. ''J Med Pharm Allied Sci'', 10(6), 3894-3898.</ref>.
...Crossed Syndrome''. Physiopedia, [online]. Available at https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Lower_Crossed_Syndrome&oldid=323323 [Accessed: 18
43 KB (6,538 words) - 11:17, 10 May 2024
...ears: definition and treatment. International orthopaedics. 2015; 39(12): 1-12. (2C)</ref>
* Type A: [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Supraspinatus_tear supraspinatus] & superior [[subscapularis]]
27 KB (3,911 words) - 11:20, 18 August 2022
...=":0">Jain, P. D., Nayak, A., Karnad, S. D., & Doctor, K. N. [https://www.e-cep.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.3345/cep.2021.00479 Gross motor dysfunction
...walid O, Fahrenhorst-Jones T, et al. [https://radiopaedia.org/articles/down-syndrome Down syndrome.] (Accessed on 19 Nov 2023) [Internet]. Radiopaedia
14 KB (2,097 words) - 14:13, 2 February 2024
...:Harrison Chipchase|Harrison Chipchase]] as part of the [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Nottingham_University_Spinal_Rehabilitation_Project| Nottingham Un
...inflammatory, sero-negative arthritic condition that typically affects the spine and the sacroilliac (SI) joints. Common clinical presentations of this dise
36 KB (5,296 words) - 20:03, 27 February 2023
...bration in neurorehabilitation]. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2014 Apr;50(2):231-42. </ref> For example, when a vibratory stimuli at 80 Hz is applied to tric
...n in men with spinal cord lesion. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jun;85(6):919-24. </ref> lower limb [[spasticity]] in a person with a spinal cord injury c
16 KB (2,171 words) - 00:33, 14 February 2023
...ommon forms tendinitis and bursitis. The Canadian Journal of CME. 2001; 155-163</ref>.
...der: a review of recent investigations in the literature, Ergonomics 36:697-717.</ref>.<br>The tendon of the supraspinatus commonly impinges under the a
29 KB (4,126 words) - 16:59, 2 August 2023
...erico, et al. "Non-specific low back pain." The Lancet 379.9814 (2012): 482-491. Level of evidence 1A</ref>
...d subchronic low back trouble. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1995 Mar 15;20(6):722-8.Level of evidence 3C</ref>
46 KB (6,826 words) - 11:21, 18 August 2022
...mitations, and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ. 1999 Feb 20;318(7182):527-30.</ref>
...of research literature and clinical evidence - the main source for evidence-based care. <ref name="Open Clinical" />
39 KB (5,279 words) - 00:38, 24 August 2022
...pathophysiologic mechanisms (SISTIM). BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011; 12:1-12. </ref><ref name=":6">Cools AM, Michener LA. Shoulder Pain: Can One Labe
...shoulder: shoulder impingement syndrome. Open Orthop J Sept 2013, 6(7): 347-51</ref>
44 KB (6,223 words) - 22:17, 7 December 2022
...uis, MO (USA): Elsevier Mosby; 2011:p.439-482</ref> [[Weight bearing|Weight-bearing]] is a primary function of the foot and ankle - each structure has a
* assisting with push-off during the [[Gait Cycle|gait cycle]]
17 KB (2,395 words) - 12:20, 16 April 2024
*[[Lateral_Epicondyle_Tendinopathy_Toolkit:_Appendix_A_-_Details_of_the_Articles|''Appendix A: Details of the Articles'']]
{| style="text-align: left; width: 100%;" border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1"
131 KB (17,742 words) - 07:55, 12 October 2022
...] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/wendy-oelofse/ Wendy Oelofse]
...r Limb Function in Tetraplegic Patients]. Asian Spine J. 2021 Aug;15(4):498-503. </ref>
22 KB (3,002 words) - 12:55, 7 April 2023
...e Burdeaux|Katherine Burdeaux]] as part of the [[Temple University Evidence-Based Practice Project]]
...tion. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2002 Oct;32(10):497-509.</ref>
37 KB (5,143 words) - 18:19, 17 January 2023
...Individuals with poor posture (Lewitt, 1980), scapular dyskinesis (Clifton-Smith & Rowley, 2011), low back pain (LBP) and neck pain have also been show
...pathology and non-specific breathing pattern disorders. Furthermore, a case-control study (Roussel et al, 2009) observing patients with chronic LBP foun
76 KB (10,525 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...Page P. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2971639/pdf/najspt-05-189.pdf A new exercise for tennis elbow that works!] N Am J Sports Phys Ther
...erapy for tennis elbow/lateral epicondylitis.] Br J Sports Med 2004; 38:675-677 </ref>
46 KB (6,778 words) - 21:11, 29 March 2024
...Staged Approach for Rehabilitation Classification: Shoulder Disorders (STAR-Shoulder). ''Physical Therapy'', ''95''(5), 791–800. <nowiki>http://doi.or
...anatomical model''' of diagnosis towards '''the treatment or rehabilitation-oriented''' classification that will inform patient management.<ref name=":0
25 KB (3,459 words) - 23:01, 18 November 2022
...Classification of Headaches (ICHD-II). Available from: https://ichd-3.org/1-migraine/ ( Lasted accessed: 5th September 2021)</ref>. It is thought to be
...gepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0333102415587704 Cephalalgia. 2016 Mar;36(3):240-8.]</ref>.
55 KB (7,749 words) - 12:39, 20 March 2024
<div class="pp-no-course-suggestions pp-no-article-suggestions"></div>
...ke]], [[Spinal Cord Injury|Spinal cord injury]], [[Post-Polio Syndrome|Post-polio syndrome]], [[Muscular Dystrophy|Muscular]] dystrophies, [[Spinal Musc
13 KB (1,824 words) - 12:46, 12 December 2022
...ptoms, comorbidities, and impairments of a patient diagnosed with MG. The case also presents some objective measures and treatment options based on indivi
....12599 </ref>. Individuals with MG have decreased acetylcholine and voltage-gated sodium channels due to damage of their postsynaptic membranes<ref name
32 KB (4,546 words) - 21:54, 13 August 2023
.../health-information/urologic-diseases/interstitial-cystitis-painful-bladder-syndrome National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (N
...der syndrome/interstitial cystitis: An ESSIC proposal. Eur Urol 2008; 53:60-7</ref> Painful bladder syndrome was defined as "suprapubic pain with bladde
33 KB (4,505 words) - 09:00, 4 January 2022
...Cord Injury. Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences. 2013 Jul;40(4):456-64.</ref>
...y care center in India—a retrospective analysis. Spinal Cord. 2021 Jun 25:1-6.</ref> The strongest predictors of mortality were found to be tetraplegia
38 KB (5,328 words) - 01:54, 3 June 2022
* Female reproductive organs: cervical canal obstructed by thickened mucus
** [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|Kyphosis]] of the spine resulting in neck and back pain
46 KB (6,662 words) - 14:21, 2 February 2024
[[File:LSS1.jpg|right|<ref>Bhave A. Modern Techniques in Spine Surgery. JP Medical Ltd; 2014 Nov 30.</ref>]]
...ve lumbar spinal stenosis (update). The Spine Journal. 2013 Jul 1;13(7):734-43.</ref>
72 KB (10,528 words) - 11:29, 14 October 2023
...Training. Available at - https://msktc.org/sci/factsheets/Gait-Training-and-SCI</ref>
...he suspected level of impairment. Key muscle strength is scored using the 6-point ordinal scale commonly used for manual muscle testing.<ref name=":5" /
21 KB (3,169 words) - 18:23, 30 September 2022
...="Micheli and Wood 1995">El-Sayed A, Cervoni-Rosario B, Harrast MA. Lumbar spine. In: Krabak BJ, Brooks A, editors. The Youth Athlete. Elsevier; 2023. p. 35
* Spine tumors.
55 KB (7,921 words) - 07:07, 30 August 2023
...illiams|Christy Williams]] as part of the [[Texas State University Evidence-based Practice Project]]
...enohumeral]] (GH) joint range of motion with spontaneous complete or nearly-complete recovery over a varied period of time.
71 KB (10,477 words) - 17:00, 30 June 2023
...tors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}</div>This fictional case study is produced by first-year physiotherapy students at [https://rehab.queensu.ca/ Queens’ Universi
...to continue in activity and participation in her life, as outlined in this case.
57 KB (8,268 words) - 07:33, 24 February 2024
...iotherapists aims and practices. Disability and Rehabilitation, 23(10), 413-421.</ref>
...ns with primary healthcare providers. BMC Family Practice. 2018 Dec;19(1):1-9.</ref>
42 KB (5,663 words) - 14:06, 3 September 2023
...the posterior broad ligament, the anterior cul-de-sac, the posterior cul-de-sac, and the uterosacral ligament.
...ur hospital fertility clinic.] South African Medical Journal. 1989;76(1):65-6.</ref>
27 KB (3,819 words) - 11:40, 26 April 2023
...University Evidence-based Practice Project|Texas State University Evidence-based Practice Project]]
...habilitation guidelines. British Journal of Sports Medicine, (2008) 42, 165-171</ref><br>
41 KB (5,819 words) - 19:17, 1 November 2022
...Rehabilitation, Second Edition. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2018. p294-332.</ref> This page discusses some of the more common types of forelimb lam
...sical Therapy. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice. 2007;22(4):171-82.</ref>
39 KB (5,749 words) - 11:31, 18 August 2022
...lved in his care and referrals were made at the follow-up visit to a speech-language pathologist and social worker. The patient’s outcomes for fine mo
...</ref>. In the general population, the average number of CAG repeats is 17-20, whereas in people with Huntington’s disease the HTT gene has a CAG rep
37 KB (5,212 words) - 16:39, 1 March 2022
...ality of life: is it similar in men and women? ''Urology.'' vol. 91, pp. 83-89.
[[File:Pelvic-floor-muscles hammock.jpg|center|thumb|596x596px]]The following video takes a very
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