Category:Outcome Measures: Difference between revisions

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This page categorises all pages related to outcome measures. An '''outcome measure''' is the result of a test that is used to objectively determine the baseline function of a patient at the beginning of treatment. Once treatment has commenced, the same instrument can be used to determine progress and treatment efficacy. With the move towards [[Evidence Based Practice (EBP)]] in the health sciences, objective measures of outcome are important to provide credible and reliable justification for treatment. The instrument should also be convenient to apply for the therapist and comfortable for the patient.<br>
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The outcome measure selected should have been shown to test the particular aspect of function that it is reported to test (validity) and the results should be the same (or similar) regardless of who administers the test or when it is administered (reliability). Finally, the test or scale should be able to test change over time (responsiveness). The Chartered Society of Physiotherapists in the United Kingdom makes it clear that standardised outcome measures should be used routinely in normal practice:  
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== Objective<br>  ==


The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) is widely used in the evaluation of Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis. It is a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 24 items divided into 3 subscales:
*Read more about [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Outcome_Measures Outcome Measures]


*Pain (5 items): during walking, using stairs, in bed, sitting or lying, and standing upright
*[http://www.physio-pedia.com/Guide_to_Selecting_Outcome_Measures Guide to selecting Outcome Measures]
*Stiffness (2 items): after first waking and later in the day
*Physical Function (17 items): using stairs, rising from sitting, standing, bending, walking, getting in / out of a car, shopping, putting on / taking off socks, rising from bed, lying in bed, getting in / out of bath, sitting, getting on / off toilet, heavy domestic duties, light domestic duties


 
[[Category:Assessment]]
 
[[Category:Open_Physio]]
WOMAC Index was developed in 1982 at Western Ontario and McMaster Universities. WOMAC is available in over 65 languages and has been linguistically validated.<br>
[[Category:EBP]]
 
[[Category:Occupational Health]]
== Intended Population<br>  ==
[[Category:Rehabilitation Foundations]]
 
[[Category:Objective Assessment]]
WOMAC Index was developed for Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis, however it has been used with other rheumatic conditions such as: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis, Fibromyalgia, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Low back pain.
 
== Method of Use  ==
 
The WOMAC takes approximately 12 minutes to complete, and can be taken in person, over the telephone or via online surveys.
 
The test questions are scored on a scale of 0-4, which correspond to: None (0), Mild (1), Moderate (2), Severe (3), and Extreme (4).
 
The scores for each subscale are summed up, with a possible score range of 0-20 for Pain, 0-8 for Stiffness, and 0-68 for Physical Function. Usually a sum of the scores for all three subscales gives a total WOMAC score, however there are other methods that have been used to combine scores.
 
Higher scores on the WOMAC indicate worse pain, stiffness, and functional limitations.
 
== Reference<br>  ==
 
== Evidence  ==
 
=== Reliability  ===
 
 
 
The test-retest reliability of the WOMAC varies for the different subscales. The pain subscale has not been consistent across studies, but it generally meets the minimum standard. The physical function subscale is more consistent, and has a stronger test-retest reliability. The stiffness subscale has shown low test-retest reliability.
 
=== Validity  ===
 
=== Responsiveness ===
 
The WOMAC Index has been used extensively in clinical trials, and has generally been shown to exhibit greater or comparable responsiveness to change than other tests. This varies, however, for different subscales and types of interventions.
 
=== Miscellaneous<span style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: normal;" class="Apple-style-span"></span><br>  ===
 
== Links  ==
 
== Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed])  ==
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<rss>Feed goes here!!|charset=UTF-8|short|max=10</rss>
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== References  ==
 
References will automatically be added here, see [[Adding References|adding references tutorial]].
 
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Latest revision as of 23:20, 25 February 2019

This page categorises all pages related to outcome measures. An outcome measure is the result of a test that is used to objectively determine the baseline function of a patient at the beginning of treatment. Once treatment has commenced, the same instrument can be used to determine progress and treatment efficacy. With the move towards Evidence Based Practice (EBP) in the health sciences, objective measures of outcome are important to provide credible and reliable justification for treatment. The instrument should also be convenient to apply for the therapist and comfortable for the patient.

The outcome measure selected should have been shown to test the particular aspect of function that it is reported to test (validity) and the results should be the same (or similar) regardless of who administers the test or when it is administered (reliability). Finally, the test or scale should be able to test change over time (responsiveness). The Chartered Society of Physiotherapists in the United Kingdom makes it clear that standardised outcome measures should be used routinely in normal practice:

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